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Chemical Name: Vinylmagnesium Bromide
Synonyms: Grignard Vinyl Bromide, Vinyl Magnesium Bromide Solution
Chemical Formula: C2H3MgBr
Physical State: Usually supplied as a solution in tetrahydrofuran (THF) or diethyl ether
Common Uses: Construction of carbon-carbon bonds in organic synthesis, reagent for introducing vinyl groups, staple in pharmaceutical and materials science research
Odor: Ether-like, distinct but not overwhelming
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid; can darken upon prolonged storage or air contact
GHS Classification: Flammable liquid, corrosive to skin and eyes, reacts violently with water
Main Health Hazards: Severe eye and skin irritation, respiratory irritation, risk of chemical burns
Symptoms of Exposure: Coughing, difficulty breathing, redness, burns on skin and eyes
Physical Hazards: Contact with water leads to rapid, exothermic reaction; releases flammable gases
Environmental Hazards: Toxic to aquatic life through run-off or improper disposal
Fire Hazards: Highly flammable, ignites readily in the presence of air or oxidizers
Vinylmagnesium Bromide: 10-20% by weight in solution
Solvent (THF or Diethyl Ether): Typically 80-90%
Stabilizing Agents: Traces of copper(I) salts to stabilize against decomposition in air
Impurities: Trace bromide or magnesium halides, small amounts of water as a contaminant are often present and undesirable
Skin Contact: Immediately rinse thoroughly with copious amounts of water, remove contaminated clothing, seek medical attention if redness or burns develop
Eye Contact: Rapid irrigation with water or isotonic saline for at least fifteen minutes, medical evaluation necessary
Inhalation: Move to fresh air instantly, perform rescue breathing if breathing is difficult, call for emergency help without delay
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth with water if conscious, seek professional medical care immediately
Delay in treatment: Can worsen tissue damage, especially burns or respiratory effects
Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical powder or Class D fire extinguishers, never use water or foam
Hazardous Combustion Products: Produces magnesium oxide, bromide fumes, possible hydrocarbon byproducts
Fire-Fighter Precautions: Wear fully encapsulating, gas-tight protective suits
Methods to Avoid: Water contact causes rapid exothermic reactions, larger fires may require evacuation
Advice in Fire: Remove containers from fire area if possible and safe to do so; cool containers with dry agents
Personal Precautions: Wear splash goggles, chemical resistant gloves, flame-retardant lab coat; avoid skin and eye contact
Ventilation: Ensure adequate, forced ventilation, use fume hoods, evacuate space if vapor accumulates
Containment: Exclude non-essential personnel, isolate area
Cleanup Methods: Use dry sand or vermiculite to absorb spill, transfer by inert scoop to sealable containers
Environmental Prevention: Prevent runoff to drains or soil, notify local environmental authorities of significant releases
Handling: Work under inert gas (nitrogen or argon) using air-free techniques; avoid friction, impact, and static discharge
Equipment: Use only glass or compatible plastic apparatus, properly grounded to prevent sparks
Storage: Store in tightly closed, gastight containers under dry, inert gas in a flammable chemicals cabinet
Incompatibility: Avoid proximity to water, acids, oxidizers, or halogenated solvents
Storage Temperature: Keep at room temperature or lower, do not refrigerate below solvent freezing point
Segregation: Keep away from food, incompatible chemicals, and direct sunlight
Engineering Controls: Use within certified chemical fume hood; maintain negative pressure
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile preferred), splash goggles, flame-retardant lab coat, closed-toed shoes
Respiratory Protection: Use properly fitted respirator for bulk handling or if engineering controls fail
Hygiene: Wash hands thoroughly after use, never eat or drink in handling areas
Exposure Limits: No specific exposure limit for Vinylmagnesium Bromide, but follow solvent guidelines (e.g., THF: OSHA PEL 200 ppm)
Appearance: Colorless to yellowish clear liquid in normal solution
Odor: Ether-like, easily detectable at low concentrations
Solubility: Miscible in organic solvents, decomposes rapidly in water
Boiling Point: Solution boils at solvent boiling point (THF around 66 °C, diethyl ether 34.6 °C)
Melting Point: Not applicable to solution
Vapor Pressure: Significant due to solvent; consult solvent MSDS
Flash Point: Highly flammable, below room temperature for most solvents
Stability in Storage: Stable under inert, dry atmosphere
Reactivity with Air: Decomposes, can ignite
Reactivity: Aggressively reacts with water to produce flammable gases
Chemical Stability: Stable in tightly sealed containers under inert gas; degrades on air or moisture exposure
Hazardous Reactions: Violent with oxidizers, acids, carbon dioxide, halogenated compounds
Decomposition Products: Generates magnesium hydroxide, bromide salts, possibly acetylene and vinyl compounds
Conditions to Avoid: Air, moisture, heat, static electricity
Routes of Exposure: Skin, eyes, inhalation, ingestion
Acute Effects: Severe irritation, tissue damage, pulmonary edema possible from inhalation
Chronic Effects: No full studies on human health with repeated contact; related organomagnesium compounds can sensitize skin or airways
Solvent Toxicity: THF and diethyl ether both cause central nervous system depression, dizziness, or unconsciousness at high exposure
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as carcinogenic; THF is designated as possibly carcinogenic in certain regulatory lists
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: High; both reagent and solvents can poison fish, invertebrates
Persistence and Degradability: Degrades rapidly in air and water, but byproducts not benign
Environmental Mobility: Volatile organics contribute to smog, seepage harms soil micro-organisms
Bioaccumulation: Unlikely for the organometallic component, but solvents can accumulate
Water Safety: Avoid all environmental release; regulatory authorities flag this compound for strict control
Disposal Methods: Destroy residual amounts by slow hydrolysis under carefully controlled conditions, using dilute acid in an inert, well ventilated area
Solvent Recovery: Distill for reuse if purity allows, or incinerate according to hazardous waste protocols
Container Handling: Triple rinse empty containers with inert solvent, puncture and destroy after deactivation
Regulatory Oversight: Labs must follow local hazardous waste disposal laws; improper disposal leads to severe legal and environmental consequences
UN Number: Classified as dangerous goods for air, sea, and road transport
Proper Shipping Name: Organometallic compound, flammable, n.o.s. (solution may be listed under solvent hazard class)
Packaging: Specialized steel or plastic jerricans with inert gas blanketing, DOT-approved
Labeling: Flammable Liquid, Corrosive, keep away from water
Transport Precautions: No shipping with oxidizers or acids; emergency information and spill kit must accompany shipment
Regulated Under: Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Environmental Protection Agency, international chemical conventions
Reporting: Thresholds trigger strict accident and inventory reporting requirements
Storage registration: Hazardous chemical storage must be registered with local authorities
Workplace Safety: Requires documented safety training for lab personnel, special signage, emergency procedures reviewed semiannually
Import/Export: Controlled as hazardous material; only licensed carriers and importers
Inspection: Subject to routine safety audits and compliance checks
