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Sodium percarbonate won't make headlines like gold or silicon chips, but its story has shaped simple tasks in many homes around the world. Developed in the late 19th century, its creation stemmed from the pursuit of safer cleaning agents and more sustainable bleaching processes. Chemists started blending sodium carbonate with hydrogen peroxide, searching for a dry, stable source of active oxygen. The early days of laundry powders saw harsh chemicals and sharp-smelling solutions. By the early twentieth century, this white powder began entering the European market, offering an alternative that eventually pushed out heavier reliance on sodium hypochlorite and chlorine-based bleaches. Old advertising leaflets don’t hide the excitement either — people wanted bright, clean fabrics and fresher-smelling clothes. Every time a new cleaning trend moves through the supermarket, sodium percarbonate often sits quietly on that ingredient list, holding its ground for reasons that stretch far beyond simple cleaning results.
Sodium percarbonate reminds me of opening a fresh box of washing powder — grainy, slightly powdery, usually blending in with the other granules. What many might not notice is its dual role as both a cleaning agent and a gentle oxidizer. Unlike straight sodium carbonate, percarbonate packs active oxygen, turning it into something that reacts with water to lift stains and break down organic build-up. In practical terms, it cleans coffee mugs, freshens up linens, and wipes out stubborn food stains without the punchy chemical residue that comes with bleach. Folks working in smaller cleaning businesses know it well for this reason; results matter, but so do the long-term effects on surfaces and the people handling it daily.
Breaking it down to basics, sodium percarbonate looks like a grainy white powder, dissolving well in water and leaving very little behind when rinsed. The release of hydrogen peroxide here isn’t just a chemical curiosity; it means regular folks can achieve a deep clean with something that doesn’t etch into tile, pit metal, or carry fumes that stick in the nose. The compound is stable in dry form at room temperature, so storage on a warehouse shelf or home cupboard doesn’t pose much trouble. Moisture is the main concern — if humidity sneaks in, it slowly loses effectiveness as the oxygen leaks away through slow decomposition. For everyday buyers, the lack of sharp odors makes it more approachable, and its neutral pH when freshly mixed with water is kinder to skin, provided people don’t overdo it or let it sit on their hands too long.
Product packaging highlights the oxygen content, usually in percentage terms, signaling both strength and freshness. A higher active oxygen percentage translates to stronger cleaning ability — something manufacturers like to put upfront for professional buyers weighing industrial cleaning versus home use. Unlike cryptic ingredients on a shampoo bottle, percarbonate’s composition tends to stay clear and simple because of consumer demand for transparency. Labels must show hazard statements under international guidelines, but many of us glance straight at usage instructions and storage precautions. Here, it comes down to practicality: keep it dry and out of reach from curious kids or pets, and follow recommendations on dilution for different uses—whether for soaking laundry or scrubbing deep stains. Safety warnings for eye and respiratory contact pop up on most well-labeled products, nudging people to treat it with a respect that matches its power.
Sodium percarbonate never just happens. Industrial plants create it by reacting hydrogen peroxide with sodium carbonate in solution, crystallizing the compound out before drying it into usable powder. The process appeals to green chemists because it can use renewable hydrogen peroxide, with little to no production of persistent byproducts. Producers who aim for better quality control keep a sharp eye on moisture levels and handling temperatures—heat and water vapor can trigger premature breakdown before it even reaches a store shelf. Although energy costs in production fluctuate, the overall environmental impact remains lower compared to many strong oxidizers, especially those containing chlorine. Factoring in water and energy use, the manufacturing approach represents a shift from brute-force chemical synthesis to something far more considerate about the waste left in its wake.
In water, sodium percarbonate triggers a fizz of bubbles — a sign that it’s working. The hydrogen peroxide produced targets coffee, wine, and food stains by breaking down color compounds, bacteria, and mold spores. Some formulations blend percarbonate with surfactants or other boosters, giving products more versatility against greasy or protein-rich messes. In water treatment plants, it steps in as a gentle oxidizer for removing iron and manganese, cleaning up water without leaving behind halogenated byproducts. Tinkerers and experts alike keep experimenting with ways to coat or granulate it for slower, more controlled reactions, especially in pool cleaning or denture tablets. The real benefit comes from understanding how combinations boost the core action—nobody wants gritty scum in the sink or film on glassware, so tweaks keep evolving based on feedback from janitorial staff, industrial cleaners, and even home users sharing their hacks online.
You might see sodium percarbonate under different names: sodium carbonate peroxide, solid hydrogen peroxide, or “oxygen bleach.” The term “eco-friendly bleach” pops up on boxes aimed at consumers wary of chlorine. Unbranded bulk bags destined for commercial laundry facilities don’t fuss much over terminology, but supermarket products translate the name into everyday language. Some blends use phrases that suggest safety and environmental gentleness, tweaking labels to catch the eye of shoppers looking to cut back on harsh chemicals at home. Deciphering these synonyms pays off for buyers and maintenance staff who juggle different supplier lists and need to know if what’s on sale matches what’s in their current routine.
I’ve worked with enough cleaning products to see how carelessness ends in rashes, sneezing fits, or worse. Sodium percarbonate does not escape this rule — powdery forms send dust into the air that can sting eyes and irritate nasal passages, particularly in bulk handling. Industry norms require gloves, goggles, and solid ventilation in the workspace, along with careful storage in tight-sealed, moisture-proof containers. Emergency protocols advise flushing eyes and skin with copious water if contact occurs, and medical advice always points to being cautious with unknown allergies. Regulatory agencies set exposure limits not because of chronic toxicity but for the acute, annoying effects of dust or concentrated solutions on sensitive skin. Proper labeling isn’t a mere formality; it plays a genuine role in worker safety, especially when new staff or non-English speakers learn from pictograms and color-coded instructions. Overdosing cleaning solutions can leave residual peroxides on laundry, so precise measuring cups or dosing pumps take the guesswork out and control risk.
You’ll find sodium percarbonate hard at work in stain removers, all-purpose cleaners, dishwashing powders, and even specialty tile or grout products. Its non-chlorine profile draws in hotel operators, hospital cleaning crews, and school janitors who want less lingering smell after a deep clean. On the retail side, people often use it for laundry soaks, carpet spot cleaning, and prepping reusable diapers. In water treatment, it knocks out microbes and organic residues without creating toxic aftermath. Gardeners lean on diluted soaks for stubborn moss on paving stones, while outdoor gear shops sell it as an odor-buster for athletic equipment. These uses all underscore the value placed on effectiveness without harsh residues, especially when looking after kids, pets, or guests with allergies. The impact stretches to emergency preparedness kits, where stable, dry-source oxygen bleach helps disinfect surfaces long after regular bottled cleaners break down or run dry.
Labs worldwide test sodium percarbonate for untapped potential in environmental cleanup, medical disinfection, and soil decontamination. Researchers work on keeping its stability intact in humid climates, chasing after better coating materials or including it in pressed tablets that won’t crumble on the journey from factory to end-user. The boom in eco-conscious consumer goods has driven chemical engineers to blend percarbonate into biodegradable detergents, targeting rapid breakdown in wastewater without persistent residues. In food processing, teams evaluate if traces left behind impact flavor or shelf life, and what levels, if any, should be considered safe. The interplay between percarbonate and other peroxide boosters remains a lively subject, shaping the next generation of multi-action cleaning powders and sprays. User testing often directs the show, as real-world feedback flags everything from residue complaints to allergic reactions, keeping new product rollouts grounded in people’s daily experiences rather than theory alone.
Rarely considered highly toxic, sodium percarbonate does draw scrutiny for misuse or over-concentration. Healthcare data points to mild topical irritation and eye discomfort if not handled with respect, especially in raw powder form. Swallowing moderate amounts brings on gastrointestinal discomfort but rarely triggers severe poisoning in adults, according to poison control center records. Long-term studies on aquatic life reveal that breakdown products—mostly sodium carbonate and water—don’t hang around or accumulate in the environment. Over-exposure in cleaning settings sometimes sparks asthma or rashes, urging more training in workplaces and tighter guidelines for prepping highly concentrated solutions. Regulatory agencies continue updating safety data sheets as new evidence rolls in, recommending common-sense protections and a clear-eyed assessment of risks compared to older alternatives like chlorine bleach.
Industries and households alike keep searching for ways to live cleaner without compromising environmental promises or human health. Sodium percarbonate stands out because it delivers on this promise more often than not, especially when people read directions and stick to recommended concentrations. Cleaner, greener formulation innovations will likely strengthen its foothold in everything from fabric care to water treatment, particularly as bans on harsh halogenated disinfectants spread. Companies investing in new coating or granulation strategies seem determined to solve the age-old storage problem — losing potency to humidity — and creative partnerships with recycling initiatives may well seal its reputation as a backbone ingredient in sustainable cleaning. The push for transparency in labeling and sourcing lines up with consumer demand, giving sodium percarbonate an edge in a crowded marketplace that rewards both safety and substance. If experience teaches anything, it’s that small innovations in a humble white powder can sometimes fuel big shifts in how we clean, work, and care for each other.
Sodium percarbonate sounds like a science project ingredient, but plenty of folks already have it under their kitchen sink. This white, grainy powder forms from mixing sodium carbonate with hydrogen peroxide. Toss it in water, and you get a bubbly reaction breaking down grimy messes. It’s the reason lots of "oxygen bleach" laundry boosters or green cleaning powders promise fresh results.
Laundry isn't just about getting socks whiter. I remember my grandma using all kinds of powders to tackle burger stains and grass smears. Sodium percarbonate makes that process easier: it releases oxygen that lifts stains and odors without leaving toxic residue. Regular bleach leaves fabrics faded and fragile, but sodium percarbonate keeps colors intact. That offers a safer way to freshen everything from reusable grocery bags to pet bedding.
Mold creeps up in bathrooms, leaving folks frustrated. You don’t have to cough through harsh bleach fumes. Dissolve some sodium percarbonate in warm water, scrub tiles, and rinse. Studies show its oxygen action breaks down organic growth, making showers less slippery and more inviting.
Cleaning doesn’t start and end with clothes. Tea stains stick to mugs, coffee dregs settle at the bottom of carafes. I usually soak stubborn dishes in a warm solution for a half-hour, and most come out sparkling. Even camping gear — those sturdy water bottles and portable toilets — feel fresher with the help of this powder.
Sodium percarbonate pops up in eco-conscious cleaning tablets too. Those solid, fizzing tabs help cut back on plastic waste. People worried about kids or pets get peace of mind, since this compound breaks down to harmless soda ash and water after doing its job. With reports from the Environmental Protection Agency pointing out the hazards of repeated chlorine bleach exposure, this choice starts to look practical, not just “crunchy.”
Decks, patios, and even flagstones build up mildew and dark spots. One spring, I tried scrubbing my family’s wooden picnic table with a bucket of sodium percarbonate mix. It loosened the grime and left the wood ready for barbecue season. Gardeners sometimes scrub pots or greenhouses with it, since chemical pesticides don’t belong around tomatoes and snap peas.
Pools, too, benefit from sodium percarbonate’s fizz. Traditional pool shock treatments can irritate skin and eyes, and create byproducts that linger in water. Sodium percarbonate lets families treat above-ground pools on a Saturday morning and swim safely in the afternoon.
Nothing’s risk-free. It stings if it lands in your eyes or if you forget gloves. High concentrations scorch some sensitive fabrics — silk, for one — so a little attention goes a long way. Safe storage matters, since the powder absorbs moisture. Mixing it with strong acids, like vinegar, fails to boost cleaning power and just leads to a neutralized mess.
Eco-friendly solutions keep showing up in stores, and sodium percarbonate remains a favorite. As more people learn about its chemistry, the decision to swap harsh bleach for an “oxygen” powder starts to look like common sense. If trends keep bending toward low-tox, effective household products, sodium percarbonate is likely to stick around in supply closets for years to come.
Walk down a supermarket aisle filled with eco-friendly laundry products, and you’ll spot sodium percarbonate on many labels. It shows up in oxygen bleach, cleaning powders, and even some carpet cleaners. Tons of folks see “oxygen-based” and breathe a sigh of relief, thinking, “This stuff must be better than the old chemical cocktail.” After all, anything that fizzes and lifts stains without heavy fumes feels like progress.
Sodium percarbonate comes from sodium carbonate and hydrogen peroxide, basically baking soda and the active part in bleach. Add water, and it splits into those two parts. Hydrogen peroxide turns into oxygen and water pretty quickly. The environmental draw here comes from that quick shift into harmless elements — nothing lingers or builds up the way phosphates or chlorine do.
Independent research, including reviews by the European Chemicals Agency, keeps putting sodium percarbonate in the “low-risk” bucket for environmental safety, especially compared to chlorine bleach. Tests on fish, algae, and soil microbes rarely show anything close to deadly impact at concentrations seen in normal household wastewater. Its breakdown products—sodium, carbonate, water, and oxygen—are common already and don't stack up in harmful ways.
Sewage treatment plants handle detergents daily. In most cases, sodium percarbonate's leftovers don’t pile up or require extra treatment. This helps protect rivers and streams from chemical overload. In larger doses, its strong oxidizing action can damage gill cells in fish or throw off balance for aquatic bugs, but that would take someone dumping buckets straight into a pond—a rare, but not unheard-of thing in some agricultural or industrial settings. Vigilance around industrial sites means watching how much gets rinsed away at once.
Look at classic chlorine bleach. Even tiny amounts can form byproducts that hang around for months and harm wildlife. Sodium percarbonate doesn't make those same hazardous leftovers. Phosphates, still lurking in some detergents despite bans, don’t break down as fast, and they mess up lakes and streams by feeding algae blooms.
Not every story ends with feel-good bubbles. Manufacturing sodium percarbonate needs energy, and hydrogen peroxide factories don't always run clean. Once it leaves your house, the journey’s not finished. Water systems in older cities and some rural places struggle with high loads from everyone using “eco” cleaners at once, so ongoing monitoring stays key.
Most everyday household cleaning jobs don’t need huge scoops. Following label measurements honestly gets results and lessens strain downstream. Pushing for renewable energy in manufacturing will shrink the overall impact too. Governments and nonprofits tracking wastewater trends do valuable work by nudging industry toward even safer ingredients.
After switching out harsh detergents for sodium percarbonate-based laundry boosters, clothes have come out clean, and my backyard septic hasn’t acted up. Friends with backyard chickens and gardens report no fish kills or sick pets after using small amounts on outdoor furniture or fences. This reinforces that, used as intended, the risk to local streams and soils stays low.
No cleaning product comes without a footprint. Sodium percarbonate stands up well under scrutiny and beats the old-school villains like phosphates and chlorine bleach. Using it smartly, paying attention to where it comes from, and supporting better industry practices keeps it as a strong player in the push for green cleaning, without building new problems for the environment.
You’ll spot sodium percarbonate on the back of oxygen bleach bottles and in eco-friendly cleaners. At my place, there’s a big tub under the sink, right next to baking soda and vinegar. I first tried it when a friend recommended it after my old bleach left stains and that heavy smell. Sodium percarbonate looks like table salt, but don’t be fooled—add water, and it turns into hydrogen peroxide and soda ash. This combo lifts stains and breaks down grease, all without that chemical aftertaste you get from chlorine bleach.
My coffee mugs usually show off those brown rings no matter how much I scrub. I dropped a scoop of sodium percarbonate in a sink of hot water, let the mugs soak, and those rings faded away without scrubbing. It’s just as handy on grungy grout. I sprinkled some powder over the bathroom tiles, made a thin paste with water, and scrubbed with a toothbrush. Dingy grout lines go from gray to their original color after a few minutes and some elbow grease.
Kitchen counters, cutting boards, and sinks build up invisible residue over time, especially after dealing with raw meat or spilled juice. I dissolve a tablespoon of the powder in about a liter of hot water, let it fizz up, and use it to wipe down all those high-traffic surfaces. The fizz is satisfying, but it also helps break apart food bits and stubborn stains. Rinse with clean water once you’re done, and the whole space feels fresh.
Many people aim to cut down on strong chemical cleaners out of concern for children, pets, or allergies. Sodium percarbonate doesn’t release toxins into the air or leave anything risky behind on the surfaces. It breaks down into water, soda ash, and oxygen. That means no heavy scent or risky residue left behind. Occupational health data backs this up, with much lower rates of respiratory irritation than you get from more traditional bleaches.
That’s not to say it’s without caution. Inhaling the dry powder or mixing up a super-strong solution could still irritate skin or eyes. Gloves help. The stuff shouldn’t be mixed with vinegar or acids—it works best with plain hot water. Don’t use it on delicate fabrics or wool, either, since it may cause fading. Testing on a hidden spot has saved a shirt or two in my own laundry routine.
Most sodium percarbonate comes in powder form, sold in cardboard boxes or sturdy tubs that last for ages and beat single-use plastic spray bottles. One bag goes about a dozen different directions in my house. Aside from cleaning, it even revives dingy dish towels and reusable grocery bags with a hot soak. By keeping a shortlist of basic, multi-use cleaning products, I spend less at the grocery store and fill up fewer shelves with disposable bottles. Households like mine save money and cut down on unnecessary waste.
People want choices for clean homes that don’t compromise health or the environment. Research from sustainability groups and poison control centers backs up the drive for safer alternatives like sodium percarbonate. Simple products make a difference not just in eliminating stains and smells, but also in protecting the folks who do the cleaning. Keeping a tub in reach lets you tackle a mess right away—less stress, less waste, and a house that feels like it actually got clean.
People searching for greener cleaning options keep bumping into sodium percarbonate. Someone might call it "oxygen bleach" and the confusion begins. Does that mean you’re pouring the same stuff as store-bought bleach into your wash? Not quite. Sodium percarbonate acts as a cleaning booster, but the chemistry and safety story looks different from traditional bleach.
Most household bleach means a jug filled with sodium hypochlorite, a chlorine-based liquid that smells sharp and takes stains out of white shirts — and, true to experience, sometimes ruins that colored towel you actually liked. Sodium percarbonate, on the other hand, looks like a white powder. Add water and it breaks down into hydrogen peroxide and washing soda (that’s sodium carbonate). As someone who has worked with both, I notice sodium percarbonate cleans without that repellent chemical odor — a clear perk for families sensitive to smells.
Sodium hypochlorite bleach relies on chlorine, which works fast and hits hard on bacteria, viruses, and stains. It’s what hospitals use for true disinfection. Sodium percarbonate’s oxygen action lifts stains and deodorizes, but it kills fewer germs and needs longer soaks or higher amounts for tough jobs. You can toss sodium percarbonate in your laundry to boost whites or sprinkle it in toilets and garbage bins without worrying much about those bleach splashes that turn fabrics blotchy.
Sodium percarbonate feels more approachable in a household with pets, plants, or skin sensitivities. Chlorine-based bleach creates fumes, especially in closed spaces, and mixes dangerously with acids or ammonia. People who clean with sodium percarbonate share that they don’t feel as much need for rubber gloves or open windows. Scientific literature backs up these claims: hydrogen peroxide-based cleaners like sodium percarbonate break down into non-toxic residues — mainly water and oxygen. No persistent nasties left on your laundry or kitchen counters.
Concerns over what gets washed down our drains keep growing. Chlorine bleach sometimes forms harmful byproducts like dioxins and organochlorines, both linked with health risks and water pollution. Sodium percarbonate, on the other hand, naturally degrades. The breakdown to water, soda ash, and oxygen means less baggage for rivers or septic systems.
No solution fits every mess. For getting mildew out of tile grout or sanitizing cutting boards, chlorine bleach still gets the job done quickly. If stain-lifting or odor-busting is the aim, sodium percarbonate fits right in, especially for folks avoiding harsh fumes. For people with allergies, or parents wanting safer routines, swapping to sodium percarbonate seems reasonable.
It pays to read labels and store all cleaners securely, since even the safest powder creates problems if a toddler or pet chews the box. More companies now label sodium percarbonate clearly, making informed swaps easier. Combining safer products, good ventilation, and responsible storage goes farther than strong chemicals alone. Based on my own switch in the laundry room years ago, sodium percarbonate made my clothing and home feel just as clean, without the chemical headache.
Laundry happens to everyone. Clothes get worn, they soak up sweat, dirt, grass, and sometimes untold mysteries from a child’s backpack. People spend real effort and money trying to keep fabric looking and smelling fresh, especially if sensitive skin runs in the family. Many have grown skeptical about harsh chemicals or strong fragrances in classic laundry bleach.
Some might not recognize the name sodium percarbonate, but it pops up in ingredient lists for oxygen-based bleaches and “eco-friendly” laundry boosters. This compound blends soda ash and hydrogen peroxide. Tossing it in water frees up both elements for cleaning, a trick proven by years of home use and research. Instead of the sharp smell from regular bleach, it leaves clothes with a lighter, cleaner aroma. Bleach damages fibers and fades colors. Oxygen cleaners, like those made with sodium percarbonate, promise stain-lifting and brightening abilities without breaking down fabrics as quickly.
Parents and pet owners swear by sodium percarbonate for grime, set-in stains, and funky odors. Stains from coffee, wine, grass, and even old sweat seem to budge with an oxygen booster soak. More than just smells and spots, mold and mildew on bathroom rugs or kitchen towels fade with regular soaks. Hot water works best for full cleaning feeling. Unlike a bottle marked “bleach,” a tub with sodium percarbonate feels less intimidating—no need for gloves, and less worry about splashes burning holes in fabric or skin.
Scientific studies show sodium percarbonate breaks down into soda ash (already in some detergents) and water, plus oxygen. That’s less risk for skin and respiratory irritation, especially in well-rinsed loads. Large groups with allergies, infants, or asthma focus on fragrance-free and colorless cleaning supplies. Using sodium percarbonate allows families to skip the smell and irritation that follow regular chlorine bleach. Environmental concerns count too. Because this cleaner breaks down easily, wastewater carries fewer harmful byproducts into waterways.
Cold water limits the fizz. For tough stains, hotter water pulls more cleaning power from sodium percarbonate. Delicates and wools won’t always benefit—oxygen bleach can weaken animal fibers over time. Mixing this compound with vinegar or strong acids releases hot oxygen bubbles that can stress sewer pipes or septic tanks. Most daily laundering works best with one scoop, not four—too much leaves residue. Look for washing machine cycles that finish with extra rinse.
Grocery store shelves now offer eco-friendly laundry powders and tablets without the harsh warnings. Many people mix their own boosters by buying bulk sodium percarbonate, usually saving money in the long haul. Read the box and avoid contact with eyes. Keep it away from curious pets or kids. For stains that stick after one try, repeating a lower dose beats dumping heavy chemicals on household clothes every time.
Households steer toward less waste and fewer harsh cleaners. Lab data and regular families show sodium percarbonate gets results. Used wisely, it tackles the dirty work without the strong chemicals that people worry about. Fabric stays bright, and laundry day feels less like a chemistry test. For those searching for a gentle and greener laundry helper, sodium percarbonate deserves a spot on the shelf.
| Names | |
| Preferred IUPAC name | Sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate |
| Other names |
Sodium carbonate peroxide Sodium carbonate peroxyhydrate Solid hydrogen peroxide Oxygen bleach PCS |
| Pronunciation | /ˌsəʊdiəm pəˈkɑː.bə.neɪt/ |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS Number | 15630-89-4 |
| Beilstein Reference | 4091202 |
| ChEBI | CHEBI:61357 |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1201647 |
| ChemSpider | 54136 |
| DrugBank | DB15528 |
| ECHA InfoCard | ECHA InfoCard: 03-02-01-012-0035 |
| EC Number | 239-707-6 |
| Gmelin Reference | 82278 |
| KEGG | C18607 |
| MeSH | D020086 |
| PubChem CID | 159762 |
| RTECS number | SC7540000 |
| UNII | XPV225K71A |
| UN number | UN3378 |
| Properties | |
| Chemical formula | Na₂CO₃·1.5H₂O₂ |
| Molar mass | 157.01 g/mol |
| Appearance | White crystalline powder |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Density | 2.1 g/cm³ |
| Solubility in water | Moderately soluble |
| log P | -3.7 |
| Vapor pressure | Negligible |
| Basicity (pKb) | 10.5 |
| Magnetic susceptibility (χ) | Diamagnetic |
| Dipole moment | 2.33 D |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std molar entropy (S⦵298) | 223 J·mol⁻¹·K⁻¹ |
| Std enthalpy of formation (ΔfH⦵298) | -1136 kJ/mol |
| Std enthalpy of combustion (ΔcH⦵298) | -1100 kJ/mol |
| Pharmacology | |
| ATC code | V03AW51 |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Oxidizer, harmful if swallowed, causes serious eye irritation, may cause respiratory irritation |
| GHS labelling | GHS05, GHS07 |
| Pictograms | GHS03,GHS07 |
| Signal word | DANGER |
| Hazard statements | H272, H302, H318 |
| Precautionary statements | P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P305+P351+P338, P330, P337+P313, P501 |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | 2-0-2-OX |
| Autoignition temperature | > 170°C (338°F) |
| Explosive limits | Not explosive |
| Lethal dose or concentration | LD50 oral rat 1034 mg/kg |
| LD50 (median dose) | 2,400 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
| NIOSH | RN 15630-89-4 |
| PEL (Permissible) | 10 mg/m³ |
| REL (Recommended) | 160 mg/kg bw/day |
| IDLH (Immediate danger) | Not Established |
| Related compounds | |
| Related compounds |
Sodium carbonate Hydrogen peroxide |
