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Chemical Name: Sodium Bromide
Chemical Formula: NaBr
Common Uses: Water treatment, antiseptics, photography chemicals, oil drilling fluids.
Physical Appearance: White or colorless crystals, dissolves easily in water.
Distinctive Odor: Odorless.
Solubility: Highly soluble in water, not soluble in organic solvents.
Molecular Weight: 102.89 g/mol
CAS Number: 7647-15-6
Health Hazards: Can irritate eyes and skin, causes nausea, vomiting, or dizziness after swallowing, inhaling dust can irritate airways.
Physical Hazards: Not flammable, but heating releases toxic bromide fumes.
Environmental Hazards: Harmful to aquatic life if not managed, long-term effects possible in water bodies near frequent use.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion.
Signage and Labeling: “Irritant” and “Environmental hazard” marks on containers go a long way to inform team members.
Main Ingredient: Sodium Bromide, over 97% concentration.
Impurities: Usually includes trace sodium chloride and water, specific amounts depend on suppliers.
Other Components: None intentionally added.
Eye Contact: Rinse with water for several minutes, get checked by a doctor if irritation sticks around.
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water, remove affected clothing.
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, seek medical attention if breathing becomes hard.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, drink water—get medical help if you feel sick or unsteady.
Extra Steps: Medical monitoring after a large spill, especially if symptoms appear.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, or water spray tackles flames around the area.
Specific Hazards: Heated sodium bromide might produce toxic bromide or sodium oxide fumes.
Protective Gear: Firefighters use full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus to dodge fume exposure.
Precautions: Prevent runoff water from entering sewers or rivers, harmful if it spreads.
Personal Precautions: Wear gloves, goggles, dust mask; avoid touching eyes or mouth.
Spill Cleanup: Sweep or shovel up crystals, avoid creating dust, collect in sealed containers for disposal.
Environmental Precautions: Stop spills from getting into drains or streams because aquatic organisms suffer.
Decontamination: Ventilate the area, wash surfaces thoroughly after cleanup.
Handling: Use in a well-ventilated space, don’t eat, drink, or smoke when handling sodium bromide.
Storage: Store in sealed containers, dry, cool, and ventilated room, away from acids or oxidizers.
Incompatibilities: Keep away from strong acids, oxidizing agents, and moisture.
Safety Practices: Training staff goes far, clear signage helps everyone remember the risks and steps.
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation catches dust before it floats around.
Personal Protection: Gloves, safety goggles, and dust mask or respirator are recommended.
Workplace Limits: No widely published occupational exposure limits, but minimizing airborne dust is strongly advised.
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before meals, keep street clothes away from workspaces.
Form: Crystalline solid.
Melting Point: 755°C
Boiling Point: Not easily vaporized without decomposition.
Solubility in Water: About 90 g/100 ml at room temperature.
Density: 3.21 g/cm³
Odor: None.
pH of Solution: Neutral to slightly alkaline in water.
Appearance: Colorless or white, does not clump under normal humidity.
Reactivity: Stable in dry, sealed conditions.
Conditions to Avoid: Moisture, heat, contact with acids, and oxidizers.
Decomposition Products: Toxic fumes of sodium oxide and bromide appear under extreme heat or fire.
Polymerization: Does not polymerize.
Acute Toxicity: Mild to moderate symptoms after ingestion or skin contact; large amounts affect the nervous system.
Long-term Effects: Repeated or heavy exposure sometimes leads to bromism, causing headaches, drowsiness, stomach upset, confusion.
Routes of Harm: Eyes, skin, swallowing, inhalation of dust.
Irritation: May cause redness, itching, or blistering on skin and eyes.
Carcinogenicity: No references to carcinogenic effects in humans.
Environmental Impact: Spills risk harm to fish and water insects if not kept out of drainage systems.
Aquatic Toxicity: Toxic to some aquatic organisms at higher concentrations.
Degradation: Not rapidly biodegradable, tends to persist in water.
Bioaccumulation: Not considered a risk for bioaccumulation in fish or crops.
Preferred Disposal: Chemical waste incineration under controlled conditions, following local or regional guidelines.
Environmental Prevention: Keep out of sewers, rivers, and lakes.
Container Management: Rinse containers thoroughly before recycling or disposal.
Legal Compliance: Follow local waste handling rules; landfilling may be restricted or require special permissions.
Transport Category: Typically not classified as hazardous under most international transport codes.
Packing Instructions: Use water-tight, chemical-resistant packaging, labels describing hazards clearly visible.
Spill Response in Transit: Emergency kit should include absorbent material, sealed bags, and basic PPE.
Hazardous Substance List: Listed in various chemical inventories for tracking.
Safety Regulation: Handlers must comply with workplace hazard communication and chemical safety planning.
Disposal Regulation: Disposal pathways are regulated in most industrialized regions, includes clear labeling and record-keeping.
Health and Environmental Protection: Laws often enforce employee training, reporting spills, and environmental monitoring where sodium bromide sees regular use.
