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Identification: Sulfuric Acid; CAS No. 7664-93-9; Concentrated solution; clear, colorless to slightly yellow, oily liquid; commonly used in titrations and cleaning protocols.
Hazard Identification: Corrosive to skin, eyes, respiratory system; risk of severe burns and permanent injury; reacts violently with water and most organic materials; produces hazardous gases on contact with metals.
Composition/Information on Ingredients: Pure sulfuric acid; concentration usually 95-98%; minor impurities included only in trace amounts.
First Aid Measures: Flush skin or eyes immediately with running water for at least 20 minutes; seek immediate medical attention; move exposed individual to fresh air if inhaled; do not induce vomiting if ingested—rinse mouth and give water if patient is conscious.
Fire-Fighting Measures: Non-flammable but reacts violently with water and organic substances; use water spray to cool containers, never use water jet directly; suitable extinguishing agents are foam or dry chemical.
Accidental Release Measures: Evacuate area; ventilate; absorb spill with inert material like dry sand; never use water; neutralize spill with sodium bicarbonate or lime; dispose of according to local rules.
Handling and Storage: Store in tightly closed chemical-resistant containers; segregate from organics, bases, most metals, and combustibles; ensure good ventilation; always add acid to water, not the reverse.
Exposure Controls and Personal Protection: Use chemical splash goggles, face shield, acid-resistant gloves, full lab coat; work in fume hood when possible; emergency eyewash and shower accessible.
Physical and Chemical Properties: Odorless, dense liquid; boiling point 337°C; freezing point 10°C; miscible with water; highly exothermic reaction when diluted.
Stability and Reactivity: Stable under recommended storage; reacts with water, bases, organic materials; releases heat; attacks metals releasing hydrogen gas.
Toxicological Information: Causes severe burns by all exposure routes; inhalation damages respiratory tract; ingestion causes irreversible damage and possibly death; long-term exposure scars tissue.
Ecological Information: Very toxic to aquatic life; acidifies water bodies causing fish kills; neutralize before disposal; avoid release to the environment.
Disposal Considerations: Neutralize with sodium carbonate; collect as hazardous waste; follow local hazardous chemical disposal protocols.
Transport Information: UN 1830; Class 8 (corrosive); packing group II; keep upright and secured during transport.
Regulatory Information: Subject to OSHA workplace limits; SARA Title III reportable quantity 1000 lbs; EPA listed hazardous waste code D002.
Identification: Sodium Hydroxide; CAS No. 1310-73-2; solid pellets or flakes; white, hygroscopic; widely used for pH adjustment and cleaning glass.
Hazard Identification: Causes severe burns to skin and eyes; inhalation causes severe irritation to the nose, throat, and lungs; dust extremely irritating.
Composition/Information on Ingredients: Nearly pure sodium hydroxide; frequently above 98%.
First Aid Measures: Rinse skin or eyes with plenty of water for at least 20 minutes; remove contaminated clothing; seek medical attention; remove to fresh air after inhalation; rinse mouth with water if swallowed—do not induce vomiting.
Fire-Fighting Measures: Not flammable; reacts with water, acid, and many metals, generating heat; use protective equipment to handle containers.
Accidental Release Measures: Avoid dust generation; shovel up spilled material and place into dry containers; flush spill area with water after removal; ventilate area.
Handling and Storage: Store in airtight, non-metallic containers; protect from moisture; corrosive atmospheres degrade metal shelving; label containers clearly.
Exposure Controls and Personal Protection: Wear alkali-resistant gloves, goggles, face shield, full-length lab coat; operate in fume hood for large quantities; install safety shower and eyewash station nearby.
Physical and Chemical Properties: White solid or powder; melting point 318°C; boiling point 1388°C; highly water-soluble; exothermic reaction with water.
Stability and Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions, absorbs CO2 from air; reacts with acids, certain metals, and moisture; generates heat.
Toxicological Information: Inhalation leads to burns and pulmonary edema; skin contact causes burns, ulceration; ingestion causes severe damage to mouth, throat, stomach; delayed effects possible.
Ecological Information: Highly toxic to aquatic organisms; raises pH in water, damaging habitats.
Disposal Considerations: Neutralize with dilute acid; collect waste and dispose via hazardous waste facility.
Transport Information: UN 1823; Class 8 (corrosive); double-container required for transport; keep dry in transit.
Regulatory Information: OSHA, EPA, and DOT regulated; RCRA hazardous waste U137; TLV 2 mg/m³ (Ceiling).
Identification: Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol); CAS No. 64-17-5; volatile, clear, colorless liquid; common solvent and disinfectant; 70% to 100% solutions used.
Hazard Identification: Flammable liquid and vapor; can cause eye irritation, drowsiness, dizziness; ingestion can cause depression of central nervous system and, at high doses, fatality.
Composition/Information on Ingredients: 99.9% ethanol for analytical purpose; possible addition of denaturants.
First Aid Measures: Remove exposed person from area of exposure; rinse eyes with water for several minutes; rinse skin with soap and water; obtain medical attention if effects persist; do not induce vomiting if swallowed—seek immediate care.
Fire-Fighting Measures: Use foam, CO2, or dry powder; water spray may be used to cool containers; substances form explosive vapors with air.
Accidental Release Measures: Remove ignition sources; ventilate area; absorb spill with inert materials such as sand or vermiculite; collect residue in a sealable container.
Handling and Storage: Store in tightly closed containers; keep away from heaters, sparks, and open flames; segregate from oxidizers; ground containers when transferring.
Exposure Controls and Personal Protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and lab coat; ensure adequate ventilation; install explosion-proof electrical fixtures in storage areas.
Physical and Chemical Properties: Boiling point 78°C; melting point -114°C; miscible with water; strong, characteristic odor.
Stability and Reactivity: Stable under normal conditions; incompatible with strong oxidizers; forms explosive peroxides rarely after long storage.
Toxicological Information: Inhalation causes headache, narcotic effects in high concentrations; ingestion depresses central nervous system, may lead to alcohol poisoning; long-term exposure damages liver.
Ecological Information: Moderate toxicity to aquatic life; rapidly biodegrades.
Disposal Considerations: Collect in properly labeled waste containers; incinerate in chemical incineration facility.
Transport Information: UN 1170; Class 3 (Flammable Liquid); proper shipping name: Ethanol.
Regulatory Information: Subject to OSHA flammability standards; DOT, IATA, IMDG regulated; SARA Title III (Section 311/312).
Identification: Potassium Permanganate; CAS No. 7722-64-7; dark purple crystals or granules; powerful oxidizing agent.
Hazard Identification: Oxidizer; promotes combustion; contact with organics, acids, or reducing agents creates fire/explosion risk; causes irritation and burns to tissue.
Composition/Information on Ingredients: Purity 99% or greater; trace impurities typical of Manufacturer’s grade.
First Aid Measures: Flush skin or eyes with water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing; seek medical attention quickly; move to fresh air if inhaled; rinse mouth thoroughly if ingested.
Fire-Fighting Measures: Use water spray, flooding quantities only; do not use dry chemical or CO2; evacuate area as fire produces toxic gases.
Accidental Release Measures: Avoid contact with combustible materials; sweep up and collect in non-combustible container; flush spillage with large volumes of water.
Handling and Storage: Store away from heat, reducing agents, and combustible substances; keep in tightly sealed, clearly labeled containers.
Exposure Controls and Personal Protection: Wear protective gloves and clothing, goggles, and face shield; ensure proper ventilation.
Physical and Chemical Properties: Melting point 240°C; soluble in water; strong oxidizing odor; gives purple water solutions.
Stability and Reactivity: Stable under dry, cool storage; decomposes in contact with organic matter, acid, or heat, releasing oxygen.
Toxicological Information: Skin and eye irritant; ingestion can cause severe gastrointestinal upset, cardiovascular collapse, potentially fatal in large amounts.
Ecological Information: Harmful to aquatic organisms; highly persistent due to oxidation potential.
Disposal Considerations: Reduce with sodium thiosulfate and neutralize before disposal; comply with regulatory requirements.
Transport Information: UN 1490; Class 5.1 (Oxidizer); keep away from all organic cargo.
Regulatory Information: Regulated as an oxidizer; OSHA, EPA, DOT, IATA controlled.
Identification: Hydrochloric Acid; CAS No. 7647-01-0; clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid; strong, sharp, irritating odor; typical concentrations 6M and 12M.
Hazard Identification: Causes severe burns to eyes, skin, and mucous membranes; inhalation produces coughing, choking, inflammation; corrosive fumes serious at high concentrations.
Composition/Information on Ingredients: About 36% HCl in water for concentrated solution.
First Aid Measures: Rinse immediately with lots of water for at least 15 minutes after contact; remove contaminated clothing; move to fresh air; seek medical attention urgently for inhalation, ingestion, or eye contact.
Fire-Fighting Measures: Not flammable, but melts metals and produces hydrogen, risk of explosion; use water spray to cool exposed containers, but do not use direct stream.
Accidental Release Measures: Ventilate area; evacuate unnecessary personnel; absorb spill with inert, non-combustible material like dry sand; neutralize with sodium bicarbonate.
Handling and Storage: Use only in well-ventilated areas; store in corrosion-resistant container away from bases, oxidizers, and metals; avoid moisture contact.
Exposure Controls and Personal Protection: Use splash-proof goggles, acid-resistant gloves, and chemical-resistant apron; work in fume hood.
Physical and Chemical Properties: Boiling point 110°C; freezing point -27°C; strong, choking acidic smell; miscible with water.
Stability and Reactivity: Reacts with bases, metals, oxidizers, and organic materials; evolves toxic chlorine gas on contact with oxidizers.
Toxicological Information: Can cause irreversible tissue damage to mucous membranes, eyes, and skin; inhalation damages respiratory system quickly; ingestion is life-threatening.
Ecological Information: Hazardous to aquatic life by acidifying waters.
Disposal Considerations: Neutralize with suitable base and dilute well prior to disposal under controlled conditions.
Transport Information: UN 1789; Class 8 (Corrosive); handle with secure packaging.
Regulatory Information: OSHA, EPA, DOT classified hazardous; CERCLA reportable quantity 5000 lbs.
