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Chemical Name: Quinacrine Dihydrochloride
Common Names: Mepacrine, Atabrine
Chemical Formula: C23H30ClN3O·2HCl
Physical Appearance: Pale yellow crystalline powder
Uses: Historically used as antimalarial, research reagent in cell biology, DNA staining
Odor: No significant odor detected by most users
Acute Effects: Exposure can cause eye and skin irritation, and inhalation may lead to respiratory discomfort
Ingestion Risks: Harmful if swallowed, potential for gastrointestinal upset, nausea, and vomiting
Chronic Exposure: Prolonged exposure can impact liver function and blood cell count, risk increases with repeated handling
Hazard Symbols: Not all suppliers display updated pictograms, but typical classification marks substance as harmful and potentially dangerous
Routes of Entry: Skin, eyes, ingestion, inhalation
Environmental Risks: May be hazardous to aquatic life if large spills reach waterways
Main Ingredient: Quinacrine Dihydrochloride, with a chemical composition detailed above
Purity: Laboratory and pharmaceutical grades often exceed 98% purity
Adulterants and Impurities: Trace salts, chlorides, and moisture can be present, typically below the low percentage range if sourced from reputable suppliers
CAS Number: 69-05-6
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with plenty of water for extended time, seek medical attention if irritation persists
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water, remove contaminated clothing, monitor for rash or blistering
Inhalation: Move to fresh air quickly, support breathing if discomfort develops, seek medical support for persistent symptoms
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek prompt evaluation in a healthcare setting
Notes to Medical Staff: Symptomatic treatment, monitor for systemic toxicity, supportive therapy recommended
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, or foam for small laboratory fires
Hazardous Combustion Products: May emit toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, hydrochloric acid vapors
Firefighter Precautions: Personal protective equipment required, including self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear
Unusual Fire and Explosion Hazards: Quinacrine Dihydrochloride does not pose unique explosion risks, but dust can aggravate flames
Personal Precautions: Use gloves, goggles, and masks to avoid dust, ventilate area
Spill Cleanup: Absorb powder or solution with inert material, collect in dedicated waste container
Environmental Precautions: Prevent runoff to drains or waterways, alert environmental personnel for larger spills
Disposal: Dispose through hazardous waste protocol, avoiding routine trash or drain disposal
Handling Practices: Avoid contact with skin and eyes, do not eat, drink, or smoke during use, employ good laboratory hygiene
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers, keep in cool, dry location, away from direct light
Incompatibilities: Prevent exposure to strong oxidizing agents or acids to avoid decomposition
Special Notes: Label containers and storage locations clearly to prevent accidental misuse
Engineering Controls: Use fume hoods or well-ventilated spaces to limit airborne particles
Personal Protective Equipment: Lab coat, gloves, and safety goggles are essential; for dusty operations, consider particulate respirators
Eye Protection: Splash-proof goggles provide the best defense
Skin Protection: Nitrile gloves outlast latex in chemical resistance for this compound
Exposure Limits: No specific occupational exposure limits, rely on general chemical hygiene standards
Physical State: Powder
Color: Pale yellow
Molecular Weight: 472.5 g/mol
Melting Point: Roughly 250°C with decomposition
Solubility: Freely soluble in water, lower solubility in ethanol
pH (1% solution): Ranges from mildly acidic to neutral depending on concentration
Odor Threshold: No distinguishing odor
Chemical Stability: Remains stable under recommended storage and handling conditions
Reactivity: Reacts with strong acids, oxidizers; avoid exposing to high temperatures for long periods
Hazardous Decomposition: Risk of producing hydrochloric acid, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides during combustion or decomposition
Polymerization: Not known to undergo hazardous polymerization
Acute Toxicity: Low LD50 data in rats suggest moderate toxicity by ingestion
Symptoms: Nausea, abdominal pain, CNS effects (headache, dizziness), possible impact on liver or bone marrow with high doses
Carcinogenicity: Studies offer no clear evidence for human carcinogenic risk, though long-term animal exposure data remain limited
Mutagenicity and Teratogenicity: Evidence of DNA interaction at high concentrations in laboratory settings, so extra caution is justified
Sensitization: Potential exists for allergic skin or respiratory reactions in sensitive individuals
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic animals, persistence in sediments possible, so limit discharge
Persistence and Degradability: Some breakdown products may resist natural degradation
Bioaccumulation: Compound can accumulate in organisms, especially filter feeders
Mobility: Water solubility suggests risk for migration through soil or water systems
Recommended Disposal: Incinerate in authorized chemical waste facilities or use certified hazardous waste removal
Do Not: Dispose via household trash, municipal drains, or municipal landfill
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse and segregate before specialized disposal
Regulatory Guidelines: Follow local, regional, and national regulations covering laboratory and toxic chemical waste
UN Number: Not always classified under a unique UN number for most shipments
Proper Shipping Name: Not routinely listed as hazardous for small quantities; larger lots may need chemical packaging and hazard documentation
Transport Hazards: Protect containers from mechanical shock, avoid temperature extremes, mark as laboratory chemical
Regulatory Status for Air, Road, and Sea: Shipping agents need to review on a case-by-case basis, especially for bulk or international shipments where restrictions may apply
National Inventory Status: Quinacrine Dihydrochloride appears on most chemical inventories for research and medicinal use
Worker Safety Laws: Subject to standard workplace health and safety rules for exposure to potentially toxic substances; training and labeling required
Restrictions on Use: Professional and laboratory access primarily; not approved for consumer markets
Labeling: Require risk and safety statements to inform users of hazards and protective measures
Environmental Legislation: Disposal and emissions governed by local hazardous substance control laws
