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Product Name: Propylparaben
Chemical Name: Propyl 4-hydroxybenzoate
CAS Number: 94-13-3
Recommended Use: Preservative in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, personal care products, food
Synonyms: Propyl p-hydroxybenzoate, E216, Nipagin P
Manufacturer: Information available on supplier’s label or procurement documents
Emergency Contact: Refer to company-specific emergency number provided on product packaging
GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous under GHS criteria
Health Hazards: Dust or vapor may irritate eyes, respiratory tract, skin; rare allergic reactions can occur; ingestion of large amounts may lead to gastrointestinal discomfort
Environmental Hazards: Not anticipated to cause adverse effects in the environment at typical concentrations; avoid bulk release
Label Elements: No pictogram assigned, precautionary advice for dust control and hygiene measures
Signal Word: None required
Precautionary Statements: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, avoid breathing dust, use personal protective equipment as required
Chemical: Propylparaben
CAS Number: 94-13-3
Concentration: 98 – 100% by weight for pure substance
Impurities: Minor related esters (methylparaben, ethylparaben) below 0.5% in technical grade formulations
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes; remove contact lenses and continue rinsing; seek medical advice if irritation persists
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash area with soap and water; seek medical attention if irritation develops or persists
Inhalation: Move to fresh air; if symptoms continue, get medical advice
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, do not induce vomiting; consult a doctor if symptoms appear or persist
Most Important Symptoms: Possible mild irritation; rarely, allergic contact dermatitis or edema
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Media: Direct water jet might scatter burning material
Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, possibly acrid smoke
Advice for Firefighters: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective gear; avoid inhalation of combustion products
Special Hazards: Dust can form explosive mixtures with air if finely dispersed and in high concentrations
Personal Precautions: Avoid dust formation, ventilate area; use protective equipment including gloves, goggles, dust mask
Environmental Precautions: Prevent runoff into soil, waterways; control large releases with absorbent material
Methods for Clean Up: Sweep or soak up spills carefully to prevent dust; place in closed, labeled container for disposal; ventilate and wash spill site after material pickup
Safe Handling: Use with adequate ventilation, wear protective gloves and eyewear; minimize dust generation and accumulation; avoid contact with skin and eyes
Safe Storage: Store in tightly closed containers, in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from heat sources and incompatible materials (strong oxidizing agents); keep container tightly sealed when not in use
Incompatibilities: Avoid mixing with strong oxidizers, strong acids
Occupational Exposure Limits: No occupational exposure limits set by OSHA, ACGIH, or NIOSH for propylparaben
Engineering Controls: Work in well-ventilated areas; use local exhaust or enclosure to control airborne dust
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, dust mask/respirator (N95/P2), lab coat or protective clothing
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before eating, drinking, or smoking, and after handling substance; remove contaminated clothing promptly
Appearance: White to off-white, crystalline powder or odorless solid
Odor: Faint, almost odorless
pH: 5.0–7.0 (saturated aqueous solution)
Melting Point: 95 – 98°C
Boiling Point: 297°C (decomposes on boiling)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water (0.5 g/L at 20°C); soluble in alcohol and ether
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 3.04
Vapor Pressure: Very low at room temperature
Decomposition Temperature: 297–305°C
Density: 1.06 g/cm³ at 20°C
Flash Point: 187°C (closed cup)
Chemical Stability: Stable at normal temperatures and pressures if stored properly
Reactivity: Generally unreactive in standard storage conditions; sensitive to strong oxidizers
Conditions to Avoid: Exposure to excessive heat, moisture, and incompatible materials
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids or bases
Hazardous Decomposition Products: May emit carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide under fire or decomposition; no known hazardous polymerization
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 6,172 mg/kg, indicating low acute toxicity; may cause mild gastrointestinal upset if ingested in large amounts
Sensitization: Prolonged skin exposure can cause rare allergic reactions; patch tests may reveal dermal sensitivity in a small fraction of the population
Carcinogenicity: Not listed by IARC, NTP, ACGIH, or OSHA as carcinogenic; regulatory agencies review long-term use evidence and have not imposed restrictions based on cancer concerns
Mutagenicity: No evidence of mutagenic or genotoxic effects in standard models
Reproductive Toxicity: No reported reproductive toxicity in regulatory or medical literature
Other Health Information: Dust inhalation might lead to respiratory discomfort, particularly in poorly ventilated environments or for persons with pre-existing respiratory sensitivities
Ecotoxicity: Acute aquatic toxicity tests on fish, daphnia, and algae demonstrate low toxicity at concentrations used in personal care and pharmaceutical products; estimated LC50 (fish, 96 hr): 4.2 – 7.3 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Propylparaben biodegrades under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in soil and water, though slower in cold or nutrient-limited environments
Bioaccumulation Potential: Exhibits low to moderate potential for bioaccumulation in aquatic organisms based on log Kow and observed clearance rates
Mobility in Soil: Slight mobility expected due to partial water solubility and low vapor pressure, resulting in little likelihood for spreading far from point sources in large spills
Other Effects: No significant impact reported on wastewater treatment systems at typical concentrations found in product effluent
Product Disposal: Dispose according to local, regional, and national regulations; avoid release to regular sewage or the natural environment in bulk quantities
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse containers thoroughly before discarding or recycling; follow procedures for hazardous material if contaminated with concentrated product
Waste Treatment Methods: Incineration in approved facilities preferred for large quantities; minor residues can be handled by authorized chemical waste facilities
UN Number: Not regulated for transportation under UN, ADR/RID, IMDG, IATA guidelines
Transport Hazard Class: Not classified as hazardous or dangerous for transport
Packing Group: Not assigned
Environmental Hazards: Not considered a marine pollutant
Special Precautions for Transport: Avoid packaging damage, keep containers sealed and upright; transport according to good chemical safety practice
TSCA: Listed in United States Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) inventory
FDA Regulation: Permitted as preservative in food and pharmaceutical products under specified limits
EU Regulation: Approved as food additive (E216); restricted concentrations in cosmetics as per European Commission guidelines
Canada: Listed on Domestic Substances List (DSL)
Labelling: No special label requirements apart from standard chemical product identification and handling instructions
Other: National and regional restrictions may apply; always check with local authorities for detailed requirements
