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Name: Palladium on activated carbon
Chemical formula: Pd/C
Common uses: Catalyst in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions, widely found in laboratories and various manufacturing setups
Physical form: Black to dark gray powder with characteristic odorless appearance
Synonyms: Palladium, supported on carbon; Pd on charcoal
Hazard classification: Flammable solid due to carbon support
Pictograms: GHS02 (Flame), GHS07 (Exclamation Mark)
Signal word: Danger
Hazard statements: May cause fire through friction or contact with oxidizers; dust can be an explosion risk in air; causes respiratory irritation if inhaled
Precautionary statements: Keep away from heat sources, sparks, and open flames; avoid breathing dust; wear suitable protective clothing and gloves
Palladium, metallic, blended as fine particles, typically 5% to 10% by weight
Activated carbon, high-surface-area support material, commonly between 90% and 95% of composition by mass
No major stabilizers or binders present; composition may vary with manufacturer specifications within standard laboratory ranges
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air immediately, support breathing as needed, seek additional medical help if recovering slowly
Skin contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water, remove contaminated clothing, check for irritation or unusual reactions
Eye contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present, seek medical advice for persistent irritation
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; if symptoms develop, consult a physician; exposure risk through ingestion is lower compared with inhalation or direct contact
Suitable extinguishing media: Dry chemical powder, foam, or carbon dioxide; avoid water on burning powder to reduce reactivity with spilled hot metal
Special hazards: Heated powder can react strongly with air or oxidizers; combustion may release carbon monoxide and dioxide
Protective equipment: Use self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing to limit smoke and fume exposure; approach fire from upwind
Advice for firefighters: Remove containers from fire area if possible, avoid creating dust during firefighting; cordon off risk area to safeguard bystanders
Personal precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, ventilate affected area, wear proper respiratory and skin protection such as N95 mask, gloves, and goggles
Environmental precautions: Prevent powder from reaching drains, surface water, or soil; sweep up without raising dust; contain spill using inert materials
Methods for cleaning up: Collect spillage gently using non-sparking tools, place in clearly labeled containers for recovery or safe disposal, wash area with water when appropriate
Handling: Manage powder in well-ventilated places, avoid stirring up dust, ground all equipment due to static discharge risk
Storage: Keep tightly sealed containers, store away from heat sources, oxidizing chemicals, acids, and direct sunlight
Incompatible materials: Do not store near strong oxidizers like nitric acid, or chlorine-containing products; avoid contact with high-temperature surfaces
Engineering controls: Use local exhaust ventilation or fume hoods when handling bulk powder
Personal protective equipment: Safety glasses or splash-proof goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, protective lab coat, and dust respirator if exposure risk is significant
Work hygiene: Wash hands before eating or drinking, avoid touching face, keep contaminated clothing away from clean areas, launder protective gear regularly
Appearance: Black or dark gray, fine powder or granules
Odor: No characteristic smell
Melting point: Above 1,550°C for palladium; carbon support remains stable at room temperature
Solubility: Insoluble in water, not soluble in most organic solvents
Density: Heavier than activated carbon due to the metal component, typical values range from 0.3 to 0.6 g/cm³
Combustibility: Carbon support gives flammability risk, especially as dust clouds in air
Chemical stability: Stable under normal conditions in sealed containers, sensitive when exposed to air and heat in finely divided form
Potentially hazardous reactions: Reacts with strong oxidizers, can combust violently if exposed to fire
Incompatible materials: Oxidizers such as peroxides, acids like nitric acid, halogen compounds
Routes of exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact are the principal risks
Health hazards: Prolonged or repeated exposure to dust may cause lung and respiratory tract irritation; rare skin sensitivity reactions
No evidence of carcinogenicity for palladium or carbon support has been shown in routine use, though dust has general respiratory hazard
Aquatic toxicity: Limited information, but palladium in low concentrations considered low risk; carbon itself not considered acutely toxic
Persistence and degradability: Activated carbon remains stable in soil and water, not readily biodegradable
Bioaccumulation: No significant data on long-term accumulation in living organisms
Mobility: Powder can move through air or water if released in large amounts
Disposal methods: Manage material as hazardous waste, follow national or local regulations for catalytic powders
Do not flush to sewer or discard in general trash; collect for specialized chemical waste disposal
Recycle metal content if possible, use dedicated facilities to reclaim palladium from spent catalyst
Classification: Shipped as hazardous material, typically falls under flammable solids UN1361 or similar
Packing instructions: Use sealed, spill-proof containers, contain product securely to prevent dust generation in transit
Transport in accordance with national or international guidelines for hazardous materials, declare contents accurately to transporters
Workplace safety laws: Subject to chemical safety regulation, including OSHA requirements for dust and hazardous substances
Labeling: Requires clear labeling with hazard pictogram, handling instructions, and risk warnings
Worker protection: Strict standards for protective equipment, exposure limits, and emergency procedures in places where bulk quantities are handled
