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Product Name: Ortho-Phosphoric Acid 85% XTRA PURE
Chemical Name: Phosphoric Acid
Synonyms: Orthophosphoric Acid, Phosphoric Acid Solution
CAS Number: 7664-38-2
Molecular Formula: H3PO4
Supplier: Xtra Pure Chemicals Division
Recommended Uses: Laboratory reagent, industrial processing, water treatment, cleaning formulations, food additive (regulatory limitations apply)
Emergency Contact: Provided by local distributor or manufacturer, with 24-hour spill and emergency support lines available
Classification: Corrosive to Metals; Causes Severe Skin Burns and Eye Damage; Acute Toxicity Category 4 (oral)
Pictograms: Corrosive symbol (GHS05), Exclamation Mark (GHS07)
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage; May cause respiratory irritation; Harmful if swallowed
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing mist/vapors/spray; Wash exposed skin thoroughly after handling; Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, eye protection, and face protection; Do not eat, drink, or smoke when using this product
Routes of Exposure: Skin contact, eye contact, ingestion, inhalation
Chemical Identity: Phosphoric Acid
Purity: 85% by mass
Impurities: Trace metals (arsenic, lead, iron, depending on product grade and supplier quality)—quantified in certificate of analysis
Other Ingredients: Water, balance to volume; no additional chemical additives or stabilizers present
Concentration Ranges: Phosphoric Acid: 85% ±2%
Regulated Impurities: Lead (Pb), Arsenic (As), Mercury (Hg), Cadmium (Cd) tested below regulatory thresholds
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air immediately; seek prompt medical attention if breathing difficulties persist, as phosphoric acid mists can irritate lung tissue
Skin Contact: Take off contaminated clothing, rinse skin continuously with plenty of water (use emergency showers if available), seek medical attention without delay
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelids open, and obtain immediate medical treatment to prevent permanent damage
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly; do not induce vomiting; get medical help right away; risk of corrosive injury to mouth, throat, and stomach
Recommended Protective Equipment for First Aiders: Chemical resistant gloves, goggles, lab coat or apron; use resuscitation masks if mouth-to-mouth resuscitation needed
Flammability: Non-flammable substance
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam for surrounding fires; product itself does not burn
Hazards from Combustion: May emit toxic and irritating fumes of phosphorus oxides if heated strongly in fire conditions
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Full protective suit, self-contained breathing apparatus required for any significant fire
Advice for Firefighters: Use water spray to cool containers; prevent fire-fighting water run-off from entering sewers and water courses
Personal Precautions: Wear acid-resistant gloves, chemical splash goggles or face shield, impervious apron or lab coat, acid-resistant footwear; restrict access to affected area until clean-up completes
Environmental Hazards: Prevent spills from entering waterways, drains, or soil; contact environmental authorities if large volumes escape
Containment: Neutralize spill using sodium bicarbonate or lime before absorbing with inert material (sand or earth); collect in appropriate acid-resistant containers for disposal
Cleaning Procedures: Ventilate area well, use acid-compatible equipment and containers; ensure thorough decontamination of exposed surfaces
Waste Handling: See disposal considerations; avoid mixing with incompatible chemicals such as alkalis or metals
Handling Precautions: Use only in well-ventilated locations with corrosion-resistant floors; wear personal protective equipment without exception; avoid any direct exposure to skin, eyes, or clothing through splashes or aerosols
Storage Conditions: Keep containers tightly closed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place; store in acid-resistant containers; segregate from alkalis, metals, reducing agents, and combustibles
Special Requirements: Clearly label storage vessels, use secondary containment for large volumes; ensure rapid access to eyewash stations and safety showers
Incompatible Materials: Strong bases, reactive metals, organic materials, and sources of ignition; avoid using metal equipment (especially aluminum, magnesium, or zinc)
Permissible Exposure Limits: OSHA TWA: 1 mg/m3; ACGIH STEL: 3 mg/m3 as phosphoric acid (aerosol)
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation or chemical fume hood to minimize vapor and aerosol exposure; provide mechanical ventilation for confined spaces
Personal Protective Equipment: Splash-proof goggles or face shield, acid-resistant gloves (nitrile, PVC, neoprene), chemically-resistant apron, closed shoes, full protective suit for large-scale handling
Respiratory Protection: Use NIOSH-approved acid vapor respirators for operations with significant aerosol or vapor risks
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and exposed skin thoroughly after handling; do not eat, drink, or smoke in work areas; remove contaminated clothing immediately
Appearance: Colorless, odorless, viscous liquid
Odor: Faintly acidic, almost odorless
pH (1% solution): 1.5 – 2.0
Melting Point: 21°C (solidifies below room temperature)
Boiling Point: 158°C (decomposes above this temperature)
Relative Density: 1.685 (20°C)
Solubility in Water: Miscible in any proportion
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at ambient temperature
Viscosity: Higher than water, especially at low temperatures
Other: Corrosive to many metals (aluminum, steel), non-volatile under normal conditions
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions
Conditions to Avoid: Exposure to excessive heat, confined spaces without ventilation, incompatible materials
Incompatible Substances: Alkali metals, reducing agents, powdered metals, bases, organic materials; severe exothermic reactions possible
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Phosphorus oxides may form at high temperatures; toxic fumes may be generated
Dangerous Reactions: Can react with moisture to liberate heat and corrosive vapors; reacts violently with alkalis (caustic soda, ammonia), evolving significant heat
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat) 1530 mg/kg; may cause persistent nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain if ingested
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes severe burns; contact may result in pain, blisters, permanent scarring
Eye Damage: Can cause irreversible damage and blindness
Respiratory Effects: Inhalation of vapors or mists can irritate nose, throat, lungs; prolonged exposure may cause pulmonary edema
Chronic Effects: Extended skin exposure can result in dermatitis; repeated or severe inhalation may lead to chronic bronchitis or tissues damage
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as carcinogen by NTP, IARC, OSHA; no evidence of mutagenicity at normal occupational exposures
Aquatic Toxicity: Moderate hazard to aquatic life due to low pH in concentrated form, risk of localized harm
Persistence and Degradability: Readily dissociates to phosphate ions; phosphates persist in water and promote eutrophication
Bioaccumulation Potential: Negligible, breakdown to environmental phosphate
Mobility in Soil: Highly mobile in water; risk of leaching to groundwater, especially in sandy or porous soils
Other Ecological Effects: Spills in waterways promote algal blooms, leading to ecosystem imbalance and reduced oxygen content
Waste Treatment Methods: Neutralize with dilute alkali before disposal; follow local regulatory requirements for hazardous waste
Container Handling: Rinse empty containers thoroughly prior to recycling or disposal; do not reuse containers for food or potable water
Environmental Release: Avoid any disposal to surface waters, sewers, or public drains; consult permitted hazardous waste service providers
Regulatory Guidance: Classified hazardous waste in many jurisdictions; special manifesting and recordkeeping rules may apply
Special Advice: Always confirm disposal methods with regional environmental, public health agencies
UN Number: 1805
Proper Shipping Name: Phosphoric Acid Solution
Transport Hazard Class: 8, Corrosive substances
Packing Group: III (mildly corrosive liquids)
Labeling Requirements: Corrosive label (black/white, GHS)
Land Transport: ADR/RID regulations apply
Sea Transport: IMDG Code applies
Air Transport: ICAO/IATA requirements; special handling for corrosive liquids
Environmental Hazards: Not a marine pollutant by IMDG definition, but large spills harmful to aquatic environments
OSHA: Classified as hazardous substance in the United States; subject to OSHA process safety management for bulk storage
WHMIS (Canada): Controlled product – corrosive material
EU Regulation: CLP Regulation (EC) No. 1272/2008: Classifies as corrosive, requires hazard pictogram and safety phrases
REACH Registration: Registered as of current ECHA listings under industrial uses
TSCA (USA): Listed substance
SARA Title III: Subject to reporting for certain releases
Other National Inventories: Listed on AICS (Australia), DSL (Canada), ENCS (Japan), KECI (Korea), PICCS (Philippines), IECSC (China)
Labeling: Must carry hazard, precautionary, and supplier identification information on all packaging
