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Product Name: Sodium Nitrite
Chemical Formula: NaNO2
Synonyms: Nitrous acid, sodium salt; Nitrite of soda
Molecular Weight: 69.00 g/mol
Recommended Use: Preservative, coloring agent, corrosion inhibitor
Manufacturing Company: Chemical manufacturers and suppliers, check container label for specifics
Contact Information for Emergency: Refer to local poison control center or emergency services; phone numbers typically supplied with delivery documentation
Classification: Oxidizing solid, Acute toxicity, Eye irritation
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed; causes methemoglobinemia which can limit oxygen transport in blood; may cause cancer with long-term exposure
Signal Word: DANGER
Hazard Symbols: GHS03 (flame over circle), GHS06 (skull and crossbones), GHS08 (health hazard)
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat; do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product; use personal protective equipment as required
Other Hazards: Substance may release toxic gases if heated; dangerous to aquatic life in accidental spill
Chemical Name: Sodium Nitrite
CAS Number: 7632-00-0
Concentration: 97–99% in pure chemical form
Impurities: Sodium nitrate (occasionally), water (trace amounts), minor trace inorganic salts
Inhalation: Remove victim to fresh air immediately; check for breathing and pulse, provide artificial respiration if needed; seek medical attention without delay
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth thoroughly with water; never give anything by mouth if victim is unconscious; obtain medical help urgently
Skin Contact: Flush skin with plenty of water for at least fifteen minutes; remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse; consult a doctor depending on irritation extent
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with running water, keeping eyelids apart; continue rinsing for at least fifteen minutes; seek specialist medical attention if irritation persists
Symptoms and Effects: Headache, shortness of breath, bluish skin, nausea, dizziness, drop in blood pressure, rapid heart rate, possible collapse; delayed symptoms not uncommon
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, foam; avoid carbon dioxide for large fires due to possible reaction
Specific Hazards from Fire: Emits hazardous gases including nitrogen oxides and sodium oxides when heated
Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective suit
Firefighting Procedures: Move containers away from fire area if possible; cool surroundings with water to prevent thermal decomposition; prevent entry of runoff to drains
Explosion Hazard: May intensify fire; oxidizer; supports combustion of other materials; never use in conjunction with combustible or organic substances in fire situation
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel; wear chemical-resistant gloves, goggles, and a laboratory coat or overall
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to accomplish; do not allow product to enter waterways or sewers
Containment and Clean-up: Sweep carefully to avoid dust; collect and transfer to properly labeled closed containers for disposal; ventilate area; wash contamination on surfaces extensively with water after material is picked up
Emergency Procedures: Contact emergency response personnel for large spills; restrict area entry
Handling: Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing; prevent formation of dust; do not breathe dust or fumes; work in a well-ventilated area; keep away from organic materials, reducing agents, acids; wash hands thoroughly after handling
Storage: Store in tightly sealed containers in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated place; keep sodium nitrite away from flammable and combustible materials; avoid exposure to moisture; store separately from incompatible chemicals, such as ammonium salts and strong acids
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: None established; ACGIH TLV: None established; consult regional regulations
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, use chemical fume hood if possible
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles or face shields, NIOSH-approved respirator if dust risk exists, protective clothing; wash hands, face, and clothing after use; eye wash stations and safety showers recommended nearby
Appearance: White, yellowish, or slightly pink crystalline solid
Odor: Odorless
pH (1% Solution): 8–9
Melting Point: 271°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes when heated)
Solubility in Water: Highly soluble (82 g/100 mL at 20°C)
Vapor Pressure: Not relevant for solid salts
Density: 2.17 g/cm3
Partition Coefficient: Not significant; compound is highly ionic
Flash Point: Not flammable by flash point; strong oxidizer
Other Properties: Decomposes upon heating with release of toxic fumes; stable in solid state under recommended storage conditions
Chemical Stability: Remains stable under expected temperature and storage conditions out of contact with incompatible substances
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, reducing agents, ammonium salts, organic materials, powdered metals
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, sodium oxides
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, moisture, friction, contact with flammable and combustible substances
Reactivity: Contact with acids liberates toxic gases; mixing with combustibles may trigger strong exothermic reactions; involved in redox reactions typical of nitrites
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Acute Effects: Headache, shortness of breath, methemoglobinemia, vomiting, collapse
Chronic Effects: May cause long-term adverse effects such as increased risk of some cancers, lowers hemoglobin's ability to transport oxygen if repeatedly exposed
Toxicity Data: LD50 Oral (rat): 85 mg/kg; inhalation studies limited but reflect acute toxicity severity
Symptoms: Cyanosis, dizziness, fatigue, hypotension, cardiovascular dysfunction
Carcinogenicity: Classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans by IARC when consumed in food and in presence of amines
Additional Information: Children and individuals with enzyme deficiencies are at higher risk; not classified as a reproductive toxin by major authorities
Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms; can cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
Aquatic Toxicity Data: LC50 (fish): 0.19–1.06 mg/L (96 hours, various species)
Environmental Fate: May degrade to produce nitrate ions; may persist in water under low oxygen conditions
Bioaccumulation Potential: Not likely due to high solubility and ionic nature
Mobility in Soil: Moves readily with water; no significant binding to soil
Disposal Methods: Dispose of through licensed hazardous waste disposal contractor; do not pour into drains or release into environment
Contaminated Packaging: Containers should be emptied completely and then triple-rinsed; retain for hazardous waste pickup
Special Precautions: Segregate waste from organic, combustible, or easily oxidized materials; label and handle as hazardous chemical
UN Number: UN 1500
Proper Shipping Name: Sodium Nitrite
Transport Hazard Class: 5.1 (Oxidizing substances)
Packing Group: III
Environmental Hazards: Environmentally hazardous substance as per many shipping codes
Special Precautions for User: Avoid transport with food or feed; ensure containment and integrity of packaging; provide SDS during transport for emergency responders
Classification: Listed in Schedule 3 of the Chemical Weapons Convention as a precursor; covered by OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
Inventory Status: Listed on TSCA, EINECS, DSL, AICS, and similar chemical inventories worldwide
Labeling Requirements: Risk and safety phrases, hazard pictograms, signal words in accordance with GHS and local regulation
Other Regulatory Requirements: Subject to reporting under SARA Title III; allowable levels and restrictions for use in food processing tightly controlled by international regulations
Workplace Regulations: Employers must provide training and emergency planning where sodium nitrite is produced, stored, or used
