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Chemical Name: Methylamine, 40 percent solution in water
CAS Number: 74-89-5 (Methylamine), 7732-18-5 (Water)
Synonyms: Monomethylamine aqueous solution
Product Use: Intermediate in chemical synthesis, pH adjustment
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Classification: Flammable liquid, toxic if inhaled, causes severe skin burns and eye damage, corrosive
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable, harmful to aquatic life, may cause respiratory irritation, can be fatal if breathed in high concentrations, contact with skin and eyes leads to severe burns
Pictograms: Flame, Corrosion, Skull & Crossbones, Exclamation Mark
Signal Word: Danger
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat and ignition sources, wear protective clothing and eye protection, avoid breathing vapors, wash hands after handling, use only outdoors or in well-ventilated areas
Chemical: Methylamine solution
Concentration: Methylamine 40% by weight, Water 60% by weight
CAS Numbers: Methylamine 74-89-5, Water 7732-18-5
Impurities: Product grade, <0.1% other amines or dissolved minerals
Skin Contact: Rinse skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, remove contaminated clothing immediately, seek medical attention for burns or irritation
Eye Contact: Flush eyes continuously with water for at least 15 minutes, lift eyelids to ensure thorough rinsing, get prompt ophthalmological assessment
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air immediately, provide artificial respiration if breathing stops, oxygen if breathing is difficult, seek emergency medical advice
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting, rinse mouth thoroughly, drink water if conscious, call poison control, immediate medical attention required
Most Important Signs: Severe irritation, burning pain, difficulty breathing, potential for delayed lung injury, copious mucus production
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical powder, carbon dioxide, alcohol-resistant foam; water spray may help cool containers but should not cause spreading
Specific Hazards: Vapor may travel along ground and flash back, combustion produces toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides, solution may react violently with oxidizers
Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus, complete chemical protective clothing for significant spills or fires
Special Procedures: Evacuate non-essential personnel, contain spilled material to control fire spread, control run-off to prevent environmental contamination
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate space, prevent inhalation and contact with skin or eyes by using personal protective equipment
Environmental Precautions: Keep product out of drains, waterways, and soil, inform authorities if large quantities escape into the environment
Spill Response: Absorb small spills with inert material (sand, earth), place in chemical waste container, ventilate area, neutralize residues with dilute acid while monitoring pH, decontaminate area with plenty of water, dispose of according to regulations
Handling: Use only in well-ventilated locations, avoid breathing vapor, prevent contact with skin and eyes, ground and bond containers when transferring liquids to prevent electrostatic ignition, keep product away from fire and sources of sparks, wear suitable resistant gloves and face protection
Storage: Store in tightly closed containers, keep in a cool, well-ventilated space away from incompatible materials (acids, oxidizers, halogenated compounds), protect from direct sunlight and moisture, observe all local and national regulations, label containers clearly and keep securely locked
Occupational Exposure Limit: OSHA PEL 10 ppm (18 mg/m³), ACGIH TLV 5 ppm (8-hour TWA)
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, enclosure of processes to reduce vapor exposure, explosion-proof electrical equipment
Personal Protection: Safety goggles or full-face shield, flame-resistant long-sleeved clothing, chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), organic vapor respirator in absence of adequate ventilation, safety boots, emergency shower and eyewash station on site
Appearance: Clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid
Odor: Strong ammonia-like smell
pH: Approximately 12
Boiling Point: Approximately 49–50°C (at 40%)
Melting Point: Not applicable at this concentration
Flash Point: Approximately -10°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Rapid (relative to butyl acetate)
Flammability: Highly flammable liquid
Vapor Pressure: High, above atmospheric at room temperature
Solubility: Fully soluble in water, miscible in alcohol and ether
Relative Density: Approximately 0.89–0.93 g/cm³
Vapor Density: Heavier than air
Partition Coefficient: Low (log Kow estimated -0.57)
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal conditions in closed containers at recommended storage conditions
Reactivity: Vigorous reaction with acids, oxidizers, halogenated organics; exothermic neutralization
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, strong oxidizers, copper, zinc, and their alloys
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Ammonia, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, methyl isocyanate
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur under recommended conditions
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 in rats around 100–200 mg/kg (methylamine, anhydrous), inhalation LC50 (4h, rats) about 4,000 ppm
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion
Symptoms: Coughing, chest pain, wheezing, burns on mucous membranes, skin redness and blistering, lacrimation, gastrointestinal distress
Long-Term Effects: Repeated exposure can lead to chronic respiratory irritation, dermatitis, sensitization in rare cases
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as a carcinogen by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Additional Data: Corrosive, risk of blindness, may aggravate pre-existing lung, skin, or eye conditions
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms, especially fish and invertebrates, LC50 values for fish 60–170 mg/L (96 hours, methylamine, similar solutions)
Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable, rapid breakdown in soil or water
Bioaccumulation: Low potential due to high water solubility and rapid breakdown
Mobility: High mobility in soil and surface water, can leach into groundwater
Additional Ecotoxicological Remarks: Product and residues should not be released to uncontrolled environments, aquatic toxicity increases with pH elevation due to ammonia formation
Waste Treatment Methods: Neutralize cautiously with dilute acid in a controlled setting, absorb onto inert material for solidification, dispose of in accordance with local and national hazardous waste regulations
Contaminated Packaging: Clean containers before recycling or disposal, triple-rinse with water and air dry, treat rinse water as hazardous waste
Sewage Disposal: Do not allow discharge into drains, sewers, or surface waters without prior neutralization and approval from regulatory authorities
UN Number: UN 1235
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquid), 8 (Corrosive)
Packing Group: II
Proper Shipping Name: Methylamine solution
Labels: Flammable Liquid, Corrosive
Environmental Hazards: Not classified as marine pollutant but highly hazardous to aquatic organisms
Special Transport Precautions: Ship in tightly sealed, upright containers with proper hazard labeling, provide adequate ventilation in carrying compartments
OSHA: Listed as hazardous, subject to Process Safety Management Standard
TSCA: Listed on United States TSCA inventory under methylamine
SARA Title III: Subject to reporting for immediate (acute) health, fire, and reactive hazards
EPA: Registered as hazardous air pollutant and toxic chemical under EPCRA section 313
EU Classification: Classified as flammable liquid (category 2), acute toxic (category 3), skin corrosion (category 1B)
WHMIS (Canada): Class B2, D1B, E
Other Regulatory Status: Subject to workplace hazardous material regulations in most industrialized countries, use and disposal controlled by local environmental authority
