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Product Name: Hydrogen Peroxide
Chemical Formula: H2O2
CAS Number: 7722-84-1
Synonyms: Perhydrol, Dioxogen
Recommended Use: Disinfectant, Bleaching Agent, Oxidizer
Supplier Contact: Manufacturer or distributor information found on product label
Emergency Phone: Refer to local poison control or supplier’s emergency line
Classification: Oxidizing liquid (Category 1), Acute toxicity oral and dermal (Category 4), Serious eye damage (Category 1)
GHS Symbols: Flame over circle, Exclamation mark, Corrosion
Pictograms: GHS03, GHS05, GHS07
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: May intensify fire; oxidizer. Harmful if swallowed, in contact with skin or if inhaled. Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing mist/vapor. Wear protective clothing, eye and face protection. Store in ventilated place. Wash hands thoroughly after handling.
Chemical Name: Hydrogen Peroxide
Concentration: 3% to 90%, common commercial grades between 3% and 35%
Other Components: Water (balance), stabilizer (if present)
Impurities: Trace levels of stabilizers such as sodium stannate or phosphoric acid depending on grade
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air. Seek medical attention if symptoms continue. Remove any restrictive clothing to ease breathing.
Skin Contact: Immediately flush skin with copious water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes.
Eye Contact: Flush gently with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids. Obtain immediate medical care.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting. Give water to dilute only if conscious. Seek immediate medical care.
Most Important Symptoms: Irritation, blistering, blindness, coughing, sore throat, stomach pain, burns to mucous membranes.
Medical Attention Needed: Immediate intervention for ingestion or significant splash to eyes/skin
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, fog. Do not use dry chemical or carbon dioxide.
Unsuitable Media: Pouring water directly; it may react vigorously.
Hazardous Combustion Products: Oxygen, steam
Special Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus, chemical resistant gear
Specific Hazards: Strong oxidizer, supports combustion. May explosively decompose under confinement or in contact with impurities. Containers may rupture under fire conditions, releasing oxygen.
Advice for Firefighters: Remove unaffected containers from fire area if safe. Cool containers exposed to heat.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate the spill area; limit access. Use protective clothing, gloves, respirators, and eye/face protection.
Environmental Precautions: Avoid release into drains, sewers, soil. Prevent liquid from migrating into waterways.
Spill Cleanup Methods: Contain spillage. Use inert, non-combustible absorbents (vermiculite, sand). Collect in labeled, vented containers. Clean residual traces with large amounts of water. Ventilate area thoroughly.
Notification Procedures: Report large spills to local authorities as required by regulatory standards.
Safe Handling: Avoid all contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Use only in areas with appropriate exhaust or ventilation. Prevent contamination from metals, alkalis, reducing agents, combustibles. Minimize splashing or aerosol formation. Employ secondary containment to control leaks.
Storage Requirements: Store in original, vented containers in cool, dry, well-ventilated, non-combustible area. Keep separate from flammables, combustibles, organic substances, or reducing agents. Prevent exposure to sunlight or heat sources. Avoid container contact with incompatible materials. Protect containers from physical damage. Maintain inventory control tightly.
Occupational Exposure Limits: ACGIH TLV 1 ppm (TWA); OSHA PEL 1 ppm (TWA); NIOSH REL 1 ppm (TWA)
Engineering Controls: Use mechanical exhaust. Enclose processes. Provide emergency eyewash and safety showers.
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical splash goggles, face shield, lab coat, impervious gloves (butyl, nitrile), long pants and sleeves. Respiratory protection if exposure limits are exceeded or ventilation is inadequate.
Hygiene Measures: Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing promptly. No eating, drinking, or smoking in work area.
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Mild, slightly sharp odor
Odor Threshold: Not established
pH: 1.5 to 4.0 (typically acidic)
Freezing Point: -0.43°C (30% solution)
Boiling Point: 108°C (30% solution)
Decomposition Temperature: >150°C
Flash Point: Non-flammable
Evaporation Rate: Not available
Flammability: Not flammable; strong oxidizer
Vapor Pressure: 28 mm Hg @ 30°C (30% solution)
Vapor Density: 1.17 (air = 1)
Specific Gravity: 1.11 (30% solution)
Solubility: Miscible in water
Partition Coefficient: Log Pow -1.36
Viscosity: Slightly viscous, 1.245 mPa·s (30% solution)
Chemical Stability: Unstable under sunlight, heat, or contact with impurities.
Reactivity: Reacts violently with combustibles, organic matter, reducing agents.
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sunlight, contamination, friction, shock.
Incompatible Materials: Metals, metal oxides, strong bases, organic solvents, permanganates, iodides. Avoid combustible materials like paper, wood, grease.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Oxygen, steam; exothermic release can cause explosion.
Polymerization: Will not occur.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, dermal, oral, ocular
Acute Toxicity: Ingestion or inhalation causes irritation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, burns. Exposure to skin or eyes causes whitening, burns, permanent eye injury.
Chronic Effects: Prolonged exposure linked to respiratory irritation, chronic dermatitis.
Carcinogenicity: Not identified as carcinogenic by IARC, NTP, OSHA.
Mutagenicity: Positive results in some in-vitro assays; relevance to humans uncertain.
Reproductive Effects: No significant effects reported in animal studies.
LD50 Data: Oral (rat): 801 mg/kg (35% solution). Dermal (rabbit): 4060 mg/kg.
Symptoms: Burning sensation, cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, severe eye or skin injuries.
Ecotoxicity: Toxic to aquatic organisms at higher concentrations.
Aquatic Data: Fish, LC50 (96h): 16.4 mg/L (pimephales promelas, 35% solution). Daphnia Magna EC50 (24h): 7.7 mg/L.
Persistence and Degradability: Rapidly degrades by catalase enzymes in water and soil into water and oxygen.
Bioaccumulation: Not expected due to rapid decomposition.
Mobility in Soil: Readily migrates then degrades.
Other Adverse Effects: Contributes to local oxygen levels in high concentrations, which may disrupt aquatic environments.
Waste Treatment Methods: Dilute with plenty of water to decompose. Large quantities require controlled neutralization and decomposition under expert supervision.
Disposal of Containers: Rinse and destroy according to local regulations. Do not reuse containers.
Precautions for Disposal: Do not mix with combustible or incompatible waste. Follow all applicable regional, national, and local laws.
Environmental Cautions: Prevent material from entering surface waters, sewers, or soil during disposal actions.
UN Number: UN2014 (hydrogen peroxide, aqueous solution, >8%–60%)
UN Proper Shipping Name: Hydrogen Peroxide, Aqueous Solution
Transport Hazard Class: 5.1 (oxidizer), 8 (corrosive)
Packing Group: II or III depending on concentration
Labels: Oxidizer, Corrosive
Environmental Hazards: Avoid transporting with flammable or organic products; spills require immediate attention.
Transport Notes: Use vented containers. Maintain product temperature below advised threshold.
TSCA Status: Listed on Inventory
SARA Title III: Section 302: Yes (for concentrations above 52%); Section 313: Yes (reportable above threshold amounts)
OSHA: Considered hazardous by definition.
WHMIS Classification (Canada): C, D1B, E
California Proposition 65: Not listed.
REACH (Europe): Registered, subject to restrictions based on concentration and use.
Other Local Rules: Check regional requirements for storage, handling, and transport of hazardous oxidizers and corrosives.
