© 2026 Nanjing Finechem Holdings Co., Ltd,
All Right Reserved
Chemical Name: Hydrobromic Acid
Common Name: HBr solution
Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow liquid with a pungent odor
Use: Synthesis of inorganic and organic bromine compounds, catalyst in chemical reactions, production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and as a reagent in laboratories
CAS Number: 10035-10-6
Synonyms: Hydrogen bromide solution, HBr aqueous
Concentration in Trade: Often supplied as 48% solution in water
Odor Threshold: Recognizable at low concentrations due to strong, sharp smell
GHS Classification: Corrosive to metals, Skin corrosion/irritation, Serious eye damage
Hazard Statements: Can cause severe skin burns and eye damage, respiratory and digestive tract corrosion, potential for substantial damage with direct exposure
Pictograms: Corrosive, Exclamation mark
Signal Word: Danger
Most Critical Hazards: Immediate pain, tissue damage from contact; difficult breathing from inhalation of fumes
Symptoms: Burns, blistering, severe pain on skin or eye contact, cough, shortness of breath if inhaled, nausea or vomiting if ingested
Long-Term Effects: Chronic exposure can damage mucous membranes, cause lingering respiratory and eye problems
Main Ingredient: Hydrogen bromide dissolved in water
Chemical Formula: HBr in H2O
Typical Concentration: Up to 48% by weight HBr in water
Other Constituents: Occasionally minor impurities from production, including chloride or iodine-based residues, rarely enough to affect safety profile
Inhalation: Removal to fresh air immediately, keep warm and at rest, provide oxygen if breathing is difficult
Skin Contact: Flush with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, remove contaminated clothing, seek medical attention for burns
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes with water for at least 20 minutes, lifting eyelids, immediate medical attention crucial
Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting, rinse mouth thoroughly, give water if person is conscious, seek immediate medical help
Additional Advice: Rapid action reduces injury; keep emergency eyewash and safety shower accessible in handling areas
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide
Specific Hazards: Not flammable by itself, but releases toxic and corrosive gases on heating
Decomposition Products: Hydrogen bromide fumes, possible bromine vapors
Protective Equipment: Full protective gear and positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus
Firefighting Advice: Stay upwind, avoid breathing fumes, use water spray to cool containers exposed to fire
Personal Precautions: Avoid direct contact, ventilate area, use protective equipment
Spill Containment: Evacuate unnecessary personnel, contain spilled liquid with inert absorbent material such as sand or earth
Cleanup Methods: Neutralize with sodium carbonate or lime, collect into suitable container for disposal, thoroughly ventilate contaminated area
Environmental Precautions: Prevent run-off from entering water supplies, sewers, or drains, as release may seriously impact aquatic life and damage infrastructure
Handling: Use in well-ventilated fume hood, avoid breathing vapors and mist, wear protective clothing, handle only with dedicated equipment, avoid incompatible materials like oxidizers or metals
Storage: Store in tightly closed, corrosion-resistant containers made of compatible material like glass or certain plastics, keep in cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, segregate from bases and organic material
Special Precautions: Label containers clearly, check for leaks or container degradation regularly
Occupational Exposure Limit: Typically 3 ppm for hydrogen bromide vapor (ACGIH TLV); workplace monitoring crucial
Ventilation: Local exhaust and process enclosures in labs and industrial settings replace ordinary ventilation
Personal Protection: Chemical splash goggles, face shield, butyl rubber or neoprene gloves, long sleeves, chemically resistant apron, respiratory protection for airborne concentrations above threshold
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and face thoroughly after handling, do not eat, drink, or smoke in work area
Physical State: Liquid
Color: Colorless to faintly yellow
Odor: Acrid, irritating
pH: Extremely low, below 1 in concentrated solutions
Melting Point: Below -11°C for concentrated solutions
Boiling Point: 122°C for 48% solution
Density: About 1.49 g/cm3 for 48% solution
Solubility: Completely miscible with water
Vapor Pressure: Significant at room temperature, increases with heat
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal storage and handling conditions
Reactive With: Strong oxidizing agents, bases, metals that release hydrogen gas, organic materials
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Hydrogen bromide gas, potentially bromine with strong oxidizers
Dangerous Polymerization: Does not occur
Special Conditions to Avoid: Heat, incompatibles, mixing with bases or organics
Acute Toxicity: Can cause rapid onset of severe respiratory, eye, and skin injury; risk of pulmonary edema with heavy exposure
Skin and Eye Damage: Tissue destruction, burns, scarring, sight loss from eye contact possible
Inhalation Risks: Throat irritation, cough, breathing distress, risk of life-threatening lung injury
Ingestion Risks: Burns in mouth, throat, stomach, risk of permanent organ damage
Long-Term Risks: Respiratory tract sensitivity, chronic bronchitis, tooth erosion from repeated low-level exposure
Environmental Impact: Serious risk to aquatic organisms due to acidity and toxicity
Biodiversity Impact: Direct discharge lowers pH of surface water, disrupts balance, harms fish, invertebrates, and plants
Degradation: Dissolves and disperses in water, with slow breakdown by dilution and neutralization in natural systems
Bioaccumulation: Does not build up in food chains
Soil Impact: Acidic runoff may affect soil microbe health, alter nutrient cycling
Preferred Method: Neutralization with dilute soda ash or lime followed by dilution with ample water, according to local environmental and safety regulations
Container Disposal: Rinse, neutralize residues, puncture or remove labels before recycling or disposal
Regulatory Compliance: Dispose in permitted hazardous waste facility, never through regular drains
Shipping Name: Hydrobromic Acid, solution
Packing Group: II (for moderate hazard)
Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive materials)
UN Number: 1788
Storage During Transport: Secure upright, away from food, incompatible cargo, and sources of heat or vibration
Handling During Shipment: Emergency equipment and procedures for spill and exposure response must travel with the cargo
Hazard Communication: GHS and OSHA standards classify as corrosive and require hazard labeling
Permissible Exposure: Subject to occupational exposure limits under worker protection laws in many countries
Reportable Quantity Thresholds: Regulated as hazardous under most chemical control laws
Environmental Reporting: Discharges may require notification to local authorities
Workplace Safety: Strict requirements for personal protective equipment, ventilation, and emergency preparedness
