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Product Name: Glycerol
Synonyms: Glycerin, 1,2,3-Propanetriol
Chemical Formula: C3H8O3
CAS Number: 56-81-5
Recommended Use: Pharmaceuticals, food additive, cosmetics, personal care products, industrial solvents
Supplier Details: Multiple global sources provide food, pharmaceutical, or industrial grade, with contact information on packaging or company website
Emergency Phone: Refer to packaging or regional poison control center
Restrictions on Use: Not for use as fuel or unauthorized industrial applications
GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous under most transport and workplace guidelines
Label Elements: None required; precautionary statements focus on avoiding eye or skin irritation and preventing inhalation of mist
Hazard Statements: Prolonged or repeated contact may cause mild skin irritation, ingestion of large quantities can affect blood sugar
Potential Health Effects: Eyes: May cause mild irritation; Skin: Long contact dries skin; Inhalation: Aerosol or vapor can irritate upper respiratory tract; Ingestion: Low acute toxicity; environmental impact ranks as low under standard circumstances
Chemical Name: Glycerol
PURITY: Typically 98-99.5%
Impurities: Trace amounts of water, potential for minor impurities based on manufacturing process
Formula: CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH
Molecular Weight: 92.09 g/mol
Other Information: Byproducts or residues from production may include water or, for technical grades, low levels of aldehydes from thermal decomposition
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water, lifting upper and lower eyelids occasionally, for at least fifteen minutes; seek medical advice if irritation worsens
Skin Contact: Wash gently with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
Inhalation: Move to fresh air; if breathing discomfort develops, provide oxygen and seek medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, drink water for dilution; avoid vomiting unless instructed by medical professional; prompt assessment in case of large quantity consumption or symptoms
Most important symptoms and effects: Mild skin or eye irritation, possible digestive upset if large volume swallowed
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, regular foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: None known for small fires; stream application may spread burning product for large spills
Specific Hazards: Overheating produces acrolein—an irritating, acrid-smelling, and toxic vapor
Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing for large fires; evacuate area if toxic fumes are present
Precautions for Firefighters: Cool containers exposed to flames with water spray, maintain safe distance, and avoid inhalation of possible decomposition vapors
Personal Precautions: Avoid contact with eyes and prolonged contact with skin; use proper protective gear including gloves and goggles
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains and surface waterways in large quantities; report significant spills to local authority as per regulation
Methods for Cleaning Up: Absorb with inert material (sand, earth, vermiculite); sweep up and collect for disposal following local rules; residual liquid can be washed with copious amounts of water
Reference to Other Sections: Use of PPE as detailed above, consult disposal and handling guidance
Safe Handling: Exercise standard workplace hygiene; avoid creation of mists or aerosol; protect against eye and skin contact
Storage Recommendations: Store in tightly closed containers, in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat and incompatible substances; avoid storing with strong oxidizers including perchlorates and permanganates
Incompatibilities: Strong acids, oxidizers, alkali metals
Special Precautions: Minimize prolonged exposure to high temperatures and moisture; label all containers clearly
Occupational Exposure Limits: ACGIH TLV: 10 mg/m3 (mist, total); OSHA PEL: 15 mg/m3 (total dust), 5 mg/m3 (respirable fraction)
Engineering Controls: General ventilation; local exhaust for processes which generate mist
Personal Protective Equipment: Eye/Face: Chemical safety goggles; Skin: Protective gloves and long sleeves; Inhalation: Respirator when handling large amounts or aerosol; Hygiene: Wash thoroughly after use, do not eat, drink, or smoke in work area
Other Protection: Handle according to good industrial hygiene and safety practices
Appearance: Clear, colorless, odorless, syrupy liquid
Odor: Slightly sweet
pH: Neutral
Boiling Point: 290°C (554°F) at 760 mm Hg
Melting Point: 18°C (64°F)
Flash Point: 177°C (351°F) (Closed cup)
Autoignition Temperature: 393°C (739°F)
Explosive Limits: Not readily explosive; vapor accumulation unlikely under ambient conditions
Vapor Pressure: <0.01 mm Hg at 20°C
Vapor Density: 3.1 (air = 1)
Solubility: Miscible with water, alcohol
Specific Gravity: 1.25 (Water = 1)
Viscosity: 1,490 centipoise at 20°C
Evaporation Rate: Negligible
Chemical Stability: Product remains stable under normal temperatures and pressures
Potential Reactions: Strong oxidizers may cause hazardous reactions; excessive heating results in acrolein and other irritant vapors
Conditions to Avoid: High heat, incompatible chemicals listed above, sources of ignition
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Acrolein, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and other toxic fumes under fire conditions
Polymerization: No dangerous polymerization expected
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): 12,600 mg/kg; large quantities required to produce acute toxicity
Routes of Exposure: Eyes, skin, ingestion, inhalation (mist/fume)
Symptoms: Mild, reversible irritation to eyes or skin, slight gastrointestinal discomfort by mouth
Chronic Effects: No carcinogenic, mutagenic, or teratogenic effects identified in animal studies; long-term exposure in work environments typically does not cause health issues
Sensitization: Not considered a primary sensitizer
Medical Conditions Aggravated: Pre-existing dermatitis or respiratory conditions may be exacerbated by long-term exposure to mist
Ecotoxicity: Low risk, readily biodegradable; aquatic toxicity (LC50, fish, 96 h): >5,000 mg/L indicates low acute toxicity to aquatic life
Mobility in Soil: Glycerol dissolves easily in water, so it disperses rapidly through soil
Persistence and Degradability: Breakdown in environment occurs quickly, with low risk of bioaccumulation
Other Adverse Effects: High concentrations may cause localized oxygen depletion in surface waters, but normal, diluted use unlikely to harm ecosystems
Disposal Methods: Dispose of through licensed waste contractor in accordance with federal, state, and local environmental regulations
Uncontaminated Product: Small quantities may be washed to drain with copious water unless prohibited
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse thoroughly; recycle or dispose as per local requirements
Special Precautions: Never release large amounts directly into natural waterways, soil, or drainage without prior neutralization or dilution
UN Number: Not regulated for transport under most international rules (non-hazardous)
Proper Shipping Name: Glycerol
Transport Hazard Class: None
Packing Group: None
Environmental Hazards: Not classified as a marine pollutant
Transportation Notes: Secure container tightly, avoid damage and ensure accurate labeling
OSHA: Not classified as hazardous
TSCA (USA): Listed
EINECS (EU): 200-289-5
WHMIS (Canada): Not controlled
REACH (EU): Exempt from authorization
SARA Title III: Not listed as a hazardous substance
California Prop 65: Not subject to warning/labeling under typical use
Other Regional Controls: Check local, district, or national rules, which may create additional safety, use, or disclosure requirements for certain industries
