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Chemical Name: Glycerol Dimethacrylate
Common Names: GDMA, Glycerol Bismethacrylate
Recommended Use: Used most often in dental, biomedical, and composite resin applications.
Physical State: Viscous liquid, clear to pale yellow
Molecular Formula: C11H16O6
Synonyms: 2,3-Dihydroxypropyl methacrylate
CAS Number: 1830-78-0
Classification: Skin irritant, eye irritant, potential skin sensitizer
Symptoms: Redness or burning upon skin contact; may cause eye pain, watering, or blurred vision; can spark allergic reactions on repeated exposure
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, eye contact, ingestion
Health Risks: Extended or repeated contact can dry or crack skin; the substance may cause dermatitis; vapor inhalation irritates respiratory tract
Environment Risks: Not highly mobile in soil but can affect aquatic organisms if released in significant amounts
Main Components: Glycerol dimethacrylate
Impurities: May contain trace monomers or inhibitors
Concentration: Greater than 95 percent pure in industrial-grade material
Other Additives: Residual solvents or polymerization inhibitors might be present to keep the product stable during transport and storage
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air, monitor breathing, seek medical attention if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Wash off thoroughly with soap and water; remove contaminated clothing
Eye Contact: Rinse with clean water for at least 15 minutes; do not rub; seek help if irritation continues
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, drink water if conscious, consult a medical professional at once
Flammability: Liquid can ignite if heated; vapors may form explosive air mixtures
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use dry chemical, CO2, foam, or water spray for large fires
Hazards: Burning releases irritating fumes, including carbon oxides and potentially acrid smoke
Protective Equipment: Firefighters need self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear
Special Concerns: Containers may rupture under heating from fire; cool exposed containers with water spray
Spill Response: Contain spill; use sand, earth, or inert absorbent; never flush to sewer
Personal Protection: Gloves, goggles, chemical-resistant clothing recommended
Ventilation: Increase air movement to remove fumes
Disposal: Pick up spilled material with non-sparking tools, collect in a suitable closed container, handle as hazardous waste
Environmental Impact: Prevent release into waterways or soil to guard against long-term damage
Safe Handling Practices: Avoid breathing vapors; keep away from heat, sparks, or open flames
Storage Requirements: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated spot; keep container tightly closed
Shelf Life: Extended storage invites slow polymerization; inhibitors help but regular checks ensure freshness
Incompatibles: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, peroxides, or amines can cause hazardous reactions
Personal Hygiene: Wash hands before eating, drinking, or smoking; avoid eye and skin contact
Permissible Exposure Limits: No established OSHA or ACGIH value, but low exposure remains best practice
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust recommended where vapors might be present
Eye Protection: Safety goggles or face shields
Skin Protection: Gloves made of nitrile, neoprene, or PVC
Respiratory Protection: Use an approved mask if exposure to vapors is possible, particularly in poorly ventilated spaces
Workplace Practices: Clean equipment regularly and train workers in safe handling
Appearance: Clear, viscous liquid
Odor: Slight, ester-like aroma
Boiling Point: Data varies, often cited above 200°C
Melting Point: Not applicable—liquid at room temperature
Solubility: Miscible with many organic solvents; low solubility in water
Vapor Pressure: Low at ambient conditions
Flash Point: Usually above 100°C
Viscosity: High, influences ease of handling and processing
Specific Gravity: Typically near or just above 1.1
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal conditions with inhibitors present; sensitive to heat and light
Polymerization: Uncontrolled conditions trigger hazardous polymerization; this reaction releases heat and increases pressure
Incompatible Materials: Avoid strong oxidizers, reducing agents, base catalysts
Hazardous Decomposition: Methacrylate vapors, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, various organic by-products
Acute Toxicity: Low acute toxicity via oral or dermal routes; primary risk stems from irritation and sensitization
Skin and Eye Contact: Prolonged contact often reddens skin, stings eyes; signs of allergic dermatitis can emerge with repeated exposure
Inhalation Risks: Fumes can aggravate asthmatic conditions; exposure in confined spaces leads to coughing or throat discomfort
Chronic Effects: Repeated exposure creates heightened risk for skin sensitization or contact dermatitis; not classified as carcinogenic by major agencies
Medical Conditions Aggravated: Pre-existing skin, respiratory, or allergic conditions worsened by exposure
Persistence and Degradability: Not readily biodegradable; may persist if spilled in environment
Aquatic Toxicity: Toxicity to aquatic life limited but greater for marine invertebrates than for fish
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low potential for bioaccumulation
Mobility in Soil: Tends to bind with organic matter, reducing groundwater contamination risk
Special Concerns: Larger releases have greater impact on smaller ecosystems—contain and remediate quickly to prevent spreading
Waste Characterization: Treat as chemical waste
Disposal Methods: Incinerate under controlled conditions, observing community rules; avoid landfill disposal where possible
Packaging: Empty containers can hold residue—triple rinse or treat as hazardous waste
Environmental Caution: Never pour into drains, sewers, or natural water bodies
Shipping Name: Glycerol Dimethacrylate
Hazard Class: Not specifically classified under most transport regulations; some shipments flagged as limited hazard for bulk movement
Packing Group: Selection depends on local regulations and specific shipment size
UN Number: Only applies in case of large or regulated shipments
Transport Requirements: Keep container sealed, upright, and away from sources of heat; don’t ship with food or animal feed
Legal Status: Listed on various chemical inventories globally, including TSCA and REACH
Worker Protection: Covered by occupational safety programs where used in manufacturing
Labeling: Warning labels needed; personal protection information required on site
Restrictions: Not a controlled substance, but subject to chemical safety regulation
Updates: Regulatory status can change with new research, so check local, national, and international measures regularly
