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Name: Fluorescein Sodium (Sodium Fluorescein)
Chemical Formula: C20H10Na2O5
CAS Number: 518-47-8
Description: Bright yellow-orange crystalline powder, strong fluorescent properties when dissolved in water, widely used in medical diagnostics, laboratory tracing, and water flow studies.
GHS Classification: Not classified as hazardous under current global standards but may cause eye and skin irritation.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin, and eyes.
Symptoms: May provoke coughing or throat irritation if inhaled, redness or discomfort on skin, and eye irritation if exposed directly.
Component: Fluorescein sodium
Concentration: Usually supplied as high-purity bulk powder.
Additives: Ingredients list often does not include significant impurities or additives in lab or clinical grade products.
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, seek medical advice if symptoms linger.
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water, remove contaminated clothing.
Eye Contact: Rinse for several minutes with clean water, consult healthcare professional for persistent discomfort.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, obtain medical attention for swallowing concerns or adverse reactions.
Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, foam, CO2 all effective for small-scale lab fires involving fluorescein sodium.
Hazardous Combustion Products: Emits toxic fumes containing carbon oxides and sodium compounds under combustion.
Protective Equipment: Use self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing, especially in closed spaces.
Special Considerations: Powder itself does not burn easily but reacts unpredictably with strong oxidizers.
Personal Protection: Gloves, lab coat, dust mask recommended.
Cleanup: Sweep up dry powders, avoid mixing with water at large scale; ventilate area well.
Disposal: Transfer residues to appropriate waste containers, follow local regulations for dye and chemical disposal.
Avoidance: Prevent product from entering drains or water sources.
Handling: Use with adequate ventilation, minimize dust generation, work on a clean surface.
Storage Conditions: Keep container tightly sealed, dry, protected from light and heat.
Separation: Store away from acids, oxidizing agents, and incompatible chemicals.
Precautions: Avoid eating, drinking, or smoking during work, wash hands after handling.
Control Measures: Local exhaust recommended for powder handling.
PPE: Gloves, protective eyewear, lab coat, dust mask for powder.
Environmental Controls: Good general ventilation in storage and usage areas.
Occupational Limits: No established TLVs or PELs for fluorescein sodium under current guidelines.
Appearance: Orange to yellow crystalline solid.
Odor: Odorless.
Solubility: Readily dissolves in water, producing bright green fluorescence.
Melting Point: Decomposes above 300°C, does not melt cleanly.
pH: Neutral to slightly alkaline in solution.
Stability: Remains stable under normal conditions.
Stability: Chemically stable in standard laboratory and medical conditions.
Reactive Conditions: Reacts with strong oxidizing agents, may degrade under intense UV light.
Incompatible Materials: Acids, acid chlorides, strong oxidizers.
Hazardous Decomposition: Releases toxic fumes of sodium oxide and carbon oxides at high temperatures.
Acute Effects: Low toxicity by oral, skin, or inhalation routes in small laboratory exposures.
Chronic Exposure: No significant human data showing chronic hazards at routine exposure levels.
Symptoms: Irritation to eyes, skin, mucous membrane.
Medical Literature: In clinical use, allergic reactions or hypersensitivity rarely documented.
Environmental Impact: Exhibits low environmental toxicity in small quantities, extensively diluted in industrial tracing.
Aquatic Toxicity: Low toxicity for most aquatic organisms but can color water and impact visibility.
Persistence and Degradability: Degrades slowly by microbial action, resistant to rapid breakdown without sunlight.
Recommended Disposal: Incinerate in facility equipped for chemical waste, or send to landfill under regulatory control.
Avoid: Do not pour solutions or slurries into drains or natural water systems untreated.
Container Handling: Rinse thoroughly before recycling or disposing.
UN Classification: Not classified as a dangerous good by current UN transport regulations.
Transport Requirements: Use sealed, labeled containers, restrict release of dust during shipping.
Spill Response: Secure containers tightly, report losses of significant quantities to authorities.
Regulation Status: Not listed as hazardous substance under major international chemical regulations.
Occupational Standards: No specific OSHA, NIOSH, or ACGIH limits established for fluorescein sodium.
Medical Use: Established in approved diagnostic tests, regulated in pharmaceutical forms.
