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Chemical Name: Flonicamid
Chemical Family: Pyridinecarboxamide insecticide
Common Uses: Applied mainly in agriculture to control aphids and other sap-feeding pests on crops like fruits, vegetables, and cereals
Appearance: Crystalline solid, typically off-white to pale beige
Odor: Faint chemical scent, not overpowering
CAS Number: 158062-67-0
Formulation Forms: Found as wettable powders, water-dispersible granules, and sometimes as soluble concentrates
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, more readily dissolves in organic solvents
Health Hazards: Flonicamid can irritate the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract, especially in high exposure settings in agricultural applications. It does not have strong toxicity, but repeated or prolonged contact should be avoided.
Environmental Hazards: Not persistent or bio-accumulative to a concerning extent; however, it has documented risks for aquatic invertebrates and is best kept out of water bodies.
Main Risks: Exposure through inhalation of dust or mist, skin contact during mixing or spraying, and accidental ingestion. Serious intoxication is unlikely under normal handling, but vigilance matters especially for those in the field.
Active Ingredient: Flonicamid, technical grade, concentration varies by formulation (usually 50–95%)
Inert Ingredients: Fillers and carriers, surfactants, binders, anti-caking agents, and other minor formulation additives, exact composition changes by manufacturer
Impurities: Expected to be low; any present impurities typically arise from the synthetic process and do not add to known hazards unless otherwise specified
Inhalation: Move exposed person to fresh air promptly, loosen tight clothing, and seek medical advice if symptoms such as coughing or irritation persist
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing; wash skin thoroughly with water and soap, watch for irritation, and consult medical advice if severe symptoms develop
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of running water, keep eyelids apart to ensure a clean flush, and avoid rubbing eyes
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly; do not induce vomiting unless specifically directed by medical personnel; seek medical attention if feeling unwell or for larger doses
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical powder, or carbon dioxide to control fires involving this pesticide; avoid high-pressure water jets that may spread contamination
Specific Hazards: Combustion may generate toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides and fluorinated compounds
Precautions: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear to prevent inhalation of fumes and contact with skin or eyes; remain upwind, avoid breathing vapor, and contain run-off to prevent environmental contamination
Personal Precautions: Use protective equipment including gloves, eye protection, and a dust mask to reduce risk of exposure when cleaning spills; do not touch or walk through spilled product without proper gear
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains, waterways, or soil whenever possible; contain spill with non-combustible absorbent materials such as sand or vermiculite
Clean-Up: Collect material into suitable containers for disposal; ventilate area and clean residue thoroughly with plenty of water
Handling Practices: Handle flonicamid with care to avoid unnecessary exposure; avoid dust formation, eating, drinking, or smoking while working with this chemical; wash hands thoroughly after use
Storage Conditions: Store tightly closed in original containers, keep in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from sunlight, heat, and incompatible substances such as strong acids or oxidizers
Incompatibilities: Do not store with food, feed, or potable water; keep separate from agents likely to react vigorously with organic compounds
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation to minimize dust and airborne particles when handling large quantities indoors
Respiratory Protection: Wear a suitable dust mask or respirator in situations where dust cannot be avoided
Hand Protection: Put on chemical-resistant gloves made from nitrile, neoprene, or similar material
Eye Protection: Wear safety goggles or a face shield to guard against splashing or dust
Body Protection: Choose long-sleeved clothing and closed shoes or boots to limit skin contact on the job
Hygiene Practices: Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse; shower at the end of the day
Physical Form: Crystalline solid, usually appears off-white
Boiling Point: Not applicable due to decomposition before boiling
Melting Point: Around 106–110°C
Density: Approximately 1.6 g/cm³
Solubility in Water: Slightly soluble, enhances with increasing temperature
Partition Coefficient (Log Kow): Moderately hydrophobic, value ranges near 1.4
Stability: Stable under normal ambient and anticipated storage conditions
Chemical Stability: Stable at room temperature in closed containers; prolonged exposure to high temperatures or UV light may break the compound down
Reactivity: Not reactive toward common organic or inorganic chemicals under normal use
Hazardous Reactions: Avoid strong oxidizers and strong acids to minimize unexpected chemical changes
Decomposition Products: With fire or severe thermal stress, releases toxic gases like nitrogen oxides and fluorinated by-products
Acute Toxicity: Low acute toxicity; lethal dose studies on mammals suggest LD50 values above 2,000 mg/kg for oral exposure (rat data)
Irritation: Mild to moderate skin and eye irritation may occur, especially among agricultural workers who skip protective equipment
Sensitization: Rare allergic reactions, but risk increases with repeated, prolonged skin exposure
Chronic Toxicity: No evidence of carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, or reproductive toxicity in published regulatory summaries; regulatory agencies consider it of relatively low hazard for chronic outcomes
Other Effects: Central nervous system effects and gastrointestinal distress unlikely unless large amounts are consumed or inhaled
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic invertebrates when concentrations rise in bodies of water, such as after improper disposal or runoff
Persistence and Degradability: Moderate degradation in soil and water, breaks down to non-toxic end products within weeks under most field conditions
Bioaccumulation: Limited potential in typical use scenarios, not prone to build-up in aquatic or terrestrial food chains
Effects on Birds and Bees: Flonicamid displays low toxicity towards birds and pollinators under recommended application rates
Environmental Precautions: Avoid direct application to water, minimize drift or runoff from treated areas
Waste Disposal: Collect residues and empty packaging for safe disposal; never discharge in drains, sewers, or open watercourses; certified hazardous waste facilities remain the best choice
Container Disposal: Triple-rinse, puncture, and deliver empty containers to local collection programs or hazardous waste sites; do not reuse for other purposes
Decontamination: Use approved methods for neutralizing trace chemicals before site clearance
UN Number: Not assigned for typical formulations due to low toxicity and hazard rating
Transport Segregation: Secure all packages to prevent leaks and avoid stacking heavy items during shipment
Shipping Conditions: Protect from weather, extreme heat, mechanical shock, and keep away from incompatible materials
Regulatory Status: Transport regulations do not impose stringent hazard restrictions unless in bulk or concentrated forms
EU Regulation: Listed as an approved active substance under plant protection product guidelines, with safety benchmarks defined by EFSA
US EPA: Registered as a reduced-risk pesticide, with occupational exposure limits set for field workers and pesticide handlers
Other National Regulations: Compliance with national standards on workplace hygiene, environmental emissions, and labeling requirements
Labeling: Requires precautionary statements for eye and skin irritation, appropriate hazard icons, and safe use instructions as required by region
Pesticide Residue: Maximum residue limits in crops harmonized across many countries to safeguard consumer health
