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Product Name: DMEM/F12 Medium
Common Use: Cell culture, tissue engineering,
Appearance: Clear pink-reddish liquid with neutral odor
Chemical Character: Aqueous mixture that includes amino acids, vitamins, glucose, inorganic salts, and buffering agents
Potential Hazards: Contains phenol red as a pH indicator, mild irritant characteristics
Routes of Entry: Eyes, skin, inhalation, ingestion may each be affected under certain conditions
Key Symptoms: Redness or irritation on contact, accidental ingestion may upset stomach
Chronic Effects: Little evidence for chronic toxicity from routine lab use, though personal vigilance always matters
OSHA Classification: Not generally classified as hazardous by global standards but always deserves respect during handling
Main Ingredients: Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium, Ham’s F-12 Nutrient Mixture, sodium bicarbonate, L-glutamine, amino acids (like glycine, arginine), vitamins (B complex, ascorbic acid), glucose, inorganic salts
Trace Additives: Phenol red for pH measurement, may include selenium, putrescine or other micronutrients depending on supplier
Ingredients of Concern: Phenol red in higher concentrations may have hormone-mimicking activity in sensitive applications
Impurities: Usually contains no heavy metals, animal-origin ingredients sometimes present
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for several minutes; irritation rarely persists
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash affected skin with soap and water
Inhalation: Ensure fresh air, move to well-ventilated area if vapors or aerosols are inhaled
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, drink water if victim is conscious; seek medical assistance if symptoms develop
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide can all be used on surroundings
Special Hazards: Not flammable, but containers may burst if exposed to excessive heat
Protective Equipment: Full protective gear for firefighters including mask and goggles to avoid splashes during any response
Byproducts: Thermal decomposition may release carbon oxides and nitrogen compounds
Personal Precautions: Avoid direct contact, wear gloves and eye protection
Spill Response: Absorb with inert material like paper towels or spill pads, collect in suitable container
Cleanup Methods: Wash area with water and detergent, dispose of waste properly
Environmental Precautions: Prevent run-off into sewers or waterways, although product is not known for causing acute ecological harm
Precautionary Handling: Wear lab coats, gloves, and goggles—maintain sterile conditions in cell culture environments
Safe Storage: Keep in tightly closed bottles, protect from light and excessive heat
Temperature Requirements: Store refrigerated, usually between 2°C and 8°C if not supplemented; supplemented media may require freezing
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids or alkalis may degrade nutrients, reduce effectiveness
Engineering Controls: Work in well-ventilated environments, use fume hood for large volumes
Personal Protective Equipment: Gloves (nitrile recommended), laboratory coats, safety glasses or goggles
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands after use, do not eat or drink in lab areas
Respiratory Protection: Not typically required for routine use, but masks may help avoid inhaling aerosols during spills
Physical State: Liquid
Color: Pink to red (varies with pH and phenol red)
Odor: Almost odorless
pH Range: Usually 7.0-7.4
Boiling Point: About 100°C, as expected for aqueous solutions
Freezing Point: About 0°C
Solubility: Fully miscible in water
Vapor Pressure: Comparable to water
Stability Under Normal Conditions: Stable if kept cool, covered, and uncontaminated
Stability: Stable in unopened bottles when refrigerated
Conditions to Avoid: Exposure to direct light, repeated freeze/thaw cycles
Incompatible Substances: Strong oxidizers, concentrated acids or bases
Hazardous Decomposition Products: May liberate fumes including carbon oxides if burned
Acute Toxicity: No evidence of acute toxicity at typical concentrations; no ingredients are known human toxins at the levels present
Chronic Toxicity: Not established, as cell culture users rarely report chronic health effects
Exposure Effects: Occasional mild irritation reported through accidental eye or skin contact
Target Organs: No major organ effects observed in research community
Special Sensitivities: Immunocompromised individuals may want to practice additional caution
Aquatic Toxicity: No substantial threat to aquatic life at expected dilution levels
Persistence and Degradability: Organic nutrients tend to degrade fairly quickly under biological conditions
Bioaccumulative Potential: Not prone to build up in food chains
Soil Mobility: Highly mobile in water due to solubility, may nourish microorganisms
Hazard to Environment: Small-scale spills pose minimal risk, but responsible disposal always stays best practice
Waste Disposal: Collect and dispose of unused product through licensed facility, following local regulations
Container Disposal: Rinse and discard as appropriate for biohazard containers if supplemented with animal serum
Avoid: Pouring down sink drains unless approved by institution
Preferred Methods: Incineration or chemical disinfection for contaminated material
UN Number: Not regulated for ground, air, or sea transport under standard laboratory conditions
Transport Hazard Class: Not classified as dangerous goods
Packing Group: Not applicable
Special Precautions: Ship at controlled temperature, usually cooled, avoid rough handling that can break containers
US Regulations: Not specifically listed under hazardous chemical regulations such as SARA, TSCA, or Prop 65
Workplace Exposure Limits: No current specific exposure limits
European Regulations: Generally considered non-dangerous under the CLP classification
Other Regional Guidance: May fall under basic chemical hygiene or laboratory safety regulations
