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Product Name: Dithizone
Chemical Name: Diphenylthiocarbazone
CAS Number: 60-10-6
Recommended Uses: Laboratory reagent, metal indicator in analytical chemistry, pigment in industrial processes
Manufacturer Details: Manufacturer or supplier contact information required, including address, emergency telephone, and email support for safety consultation
Synonyms: Phenylthiocarbazone, 1,5-Diphenylthiocarbazone
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal, inhalation) – Category 4; Skin irritation – Category 2; Eye irritation – Category 2A
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed or in contact with skin; Causes skin and eye irritation
Pictograms: Exclamation mark (GHS07)
Precautionary Statements: Wear protective gloves, protective clothing, and eye/face protection; Avoid breathing dust or vapor; Wash hands thoroughly after handling
Other Hazards: Not known to be a PBT or vPvB substance; dust may form explosive mixture with air under certain conditions
Chemical Composition: Dithizone 99% or higher
Impurities: Minor organic byproducts present below 1%
Formula: C13H12N4S
Molecular Weight: 256.33 g/mol
Relevant Concentrations: For laboratory and research use only, not formulated for food or drug applications
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air; if breathing is difficult, administer oxygen; seek medical attention if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Wash skin with soap and plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing and shoes; seek medical advice if irritation persists
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting upper and lower eyelids; remove contact lenses if present; get medical help immediately
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth with water; call poison control center or physician at once
Most Important Symptoms: Nausea, headache, muscle weakness, eye and skin redness or rash, respiratory discomfort in cases of dust inhalation
Protective Equipment for First Aiders: Gloves, eye protection, clothing resistant to penetration, face mask or respirator if dust exposure likely
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray, foam
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: High-pressure water streams may spread powder
Fire and Explosion Hazards: Dust accumulation may pose explosion risk; during combustion produces toxic gases including nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and carbon monoxide
Precautions for Firefighters: Wear full protective gear, including self-contained breathing apparatus; avoid inhalation of combustion products
Special Procedures: Keep containers cool with water spray; prevent fire-fighting runoff from entering drains or water sources
Personal Precautions: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves, goggles, and dust mask or respirator to avoid inhalation and contact
Environmental Precautions: Prevent material from entering soil, water sources, drains; contain spills with inert absorbent materials
Methods for Clean-Up: Collect spilled solid with shovel or dust pan; avoid raising dust; place in labeled containers and seal; ventilate area well
Decontamination: Wash contaminated surfaces with soap and water; dispose cleaning materials as hazardous waste
Precautions for Safe Handling: Use only in well-ventilated areas; keep away from sources of ignition; handle with care to prevent formation of dust
Hygiene Measures: Do not eat, drink, or smoke during use; wash thoroughly after handling; keep protective work wear separate
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place; protect from direct sunlight and moisture; segregate from strong oxidizers and acids
Incompatibilities: Oxidizing agents, strong acids, alkali, reducing agents
Specific Use Considerations: Laboratory protocols and chemical process guidance require review before use
Occupational Exposure Limits: Not established for dithizone; limit airborne dust as per general nuisance dust standards (OSHA PEL for particulates not otherwise regulated: 15 mg/m3 total dust, 5 mg/m3 respirable fraction)
Engineering Controls: Use laboratory fume hood, local exhaust ventilation, dust collection systems
Personal Protective Equipment: Gloves (nitrile or latex), safety goggles or face shield, lab coat or chemical-resistant apron, suitable respiratory protection if dust formation possible
Environmental Exposure Controls: Avoid release to the environment; use containment bunding and appropriate waste disposal procedures
Appearance: Dark green crystalline powder
Odor: Odorless or faint characteristic odor
Odor Threshold: Not available
pH: Not applicable (insoluble in water)
Melting Point/Freezing Point: 155–156°C (311–313°F)
Boiling Point/Range: Decomposes before boiling
Flash Point: Not determined
Evaporation Rate: Not applicable
Flammability: Not flammable in solid form, but fine dust can ignite
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at ambient temperature
Vapor Density: Not applicable
Relative Density: Approximately 1.29 g/cm3
Solubility: Practically insoluble in water, soluble in chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, and most organic solvents
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): Not available
Auto-ignition Temperature: Not available
Decomposition Temperature: Above 150°C
Viscosity: Not applicable
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal laboratory and storage conditions
Possibility of Hazardous Reactions: No dangerous reactions expected in intended use; risk of static-initiated flash may increase with fine powders
Conditions to Avoid: Dust accumulation, heat, open flames, strong oxidizers, acids
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, reducing agents
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, carbon monoxide, unidentified organic and inorganic fumes on heating or combustion
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): approximately 250 mg/kg; toxic effects may include nausea, headache, vomiting, muscle weakness
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Causes irritation, redness, and rash
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes eye irritation, redness, and watering
Sensitization: Not classified as sensitizer, but skin contact should be minimized
Genotoxicity/Carcinogenicity: No data available for mutagenicity or carcinogenic effects; not listed by IARC, NTP, or OSHA
Long-term Effects: Chronic exposure data lacking, avoid repeated or prolonged exposure due to cumulative toxicity risk
Other Health Effects: Central nervous system symptoms reported with heavy exposure
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic life due to persistence and toxicity to marine and freshwater organisms
Persistence and Degradability: Poorly biodegradable; may persist in soil and sediment
Bioaccumulation Potential: Potential to bioaccumulate in aquatic organisms; partitioning to organic-rich sediments possible
Mobility in Soil: Low water solubility reduces movement; risk remains for ecosystems near sites of repetitive use
Other Adverse Effects: Monitor for contamination of local waterways and soil; avoid discharge to sewers or surface waters
Waste Treatment Methods: Dispose through licensed hazardous waste contractor; must not be disposed with regular refuse
Contaminated Packaging: Containers should be triple rinsed and rendered unusable prior to disposal
Environmental Precautions: Prevent spills or residues entering streams, sewers, or soil
Reuse/Recycle Recommendations: Recovery or recycling not practical due to chemical properties and contamination risks
UN Number: Not classified as a dangerous good under UN regulations
Proper Shipping Name: Dithizone, not regulated for road, rail, air, or sea transport in small laboratory quantities
Hazard Class: Not applicable
Packing Group: Not applicable
Environmental Hazards During Transport: Transport in closed, upright containers; contain accidental leaks or spills
Transport Precautions: Store and transport in sealed packaging; prevent mechanical damage and release; keep away from food and animal feed during transit
Safety, Health and Environmental Laws: Check national and local regulations for storage, disposal, transport requirements
Inventory Status: Listed in chemical inventories in US (TSCA), EU (REACH), Canada (DSL), Australia (AICS)
Labelling Requirements: Comply with GHS/CLP chemical labeling for workplace safety; follow laboratory signage rules
Other Regulatory Information: Not subject to any specific restriction under OSHA, EU REACH annexes, or SARA Title III for ordinary laboratory use; consult local and state registration rules for larger scale or commercial use
