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Chemical Name: Diphenylamine
Synonyms: DPA, N-phenylaniline, Anilinodiphenyl
CAS Number: 122-39-4
Recommended Use: Antioxidant, chemical intermediate, stabilizer for explosives and propellants
Supplier Information: Check product packaging for supplier address and emergency contact number
Emergency Contact: National Poison Control Center or local emergency services
GHS Classification: Acute toxicity (oral, dermal), skin and eye irritation, possible environmental hazard
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed or absorbed through skin. Causes skin and eye irritation. May cause damage to organs through prolonged exposure. Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects.
Pictograms: Exclamation mark for health hazard, environment symbol for aquatic toxicity
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust or fumes. Wash hands thoroughly after handling. Wear protective gloves and eyewear. Keep out of aquatic environments.
Substance: Diphenylamine
Chemical Formula: C12H11N
Concentration: 99% or higher (as typically sold)
Impurities and Stabilizing Additives: May include trace solvents or process stabilizers, such as moisture-regulating agents (check supplier details for specific breakdown).
General Advice: Get immediate medical aid for unusual symptoms. Remove contaminated clothing.
Inhalation: Move the affected person to fresh air. Perform artificial respiration as needed. Seek medical attention immediately.
Skin Contact: Wash skin with soap and plenty of water. Remove contaminated clothing. Medical attention required for irritation or persistent symptoms.
Eye Contact: Flush eyes for several minutes with plenty of water, lifting eyelids to rinse thoroughly. Seek immediate medical help.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel. Get medical help immediately.
Symptoms: Irritation, breathing difficulty, dizziness, headache, skin rash, gastrointestinal upset
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray (avoid high-pressure jets)
Specific Hazards Arising from the Chemical: Decomposition releases toxic and irritating fumes, including nitrogen oxides and aniline vapors
Protective Equipment for Firefighters: Self-contained breathing apparatus, complete body and face protection
Advice for Firefighters: Move containers from danger zone if possible. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed surfaces.
Personal Precautions: Evacuate unnecessary personnel. Ventilate area and prevent dust formation. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing.
Protective Equipment: Gloves, goggles, chemical-resistant clothing, respirators if dust or fume risk is present
Environmental Precautions: Prevent product from entering drains, soil, or water sources.
Methods for Cleanup: Collect spilled material with a non-sparking tool. Sweep or shovel into containers for disposal. Wash spill site after material pickup. Dispose of cleaning materials and contaminated tools as hazardous waste.
Handling: Wear appropriate PPE. Use only in well-ventilated areas. Avoid generating dust. Keep away from strong oxidizers, acids, and ignition sources.
Storage: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from incompatible materials. Use containers that prevent contamination or spillage. Keep container tightly closed when not in use.
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, acids, strong bases, halogens, acid chlorides
Special Storage Conditions: Segregate from food and feed materials. Keep away from direct sunlight and extreme heat.
Occupational Exposure Limits: OSHA and ACGIH recommend 10 mg/m³ as an 8-hour TWA, but refer to local regulations.
Engineering Controls: Contain process enclosures, use local exhaust ventilation, and keep process areas isolated.
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves, long-sleeved lab coat, safety goggles, dust mask or respirator (NIOSH-approved if dust or fume may form)
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before breaks and after work. Remove PPE before eating, drinking, or smoking.
Appearance: White to faintly purple, crystalline solid
Odor: Faint, pleasant
Odor Threshold: Not well established
pH: Not applicable (insoluble in water)
Melting Point: 52–54°C
Boiling Point: 302°C
Flash Point: 152°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Not determined
Flammability: Not highly flammable under normal conditions
Vapor Pressure: 1 mm Hg at 125°C
Vapor Density: >1 (air = 1)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, easily soluble in acetone and ethanol
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 3.41
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 635°C
Decomposition Temperature: Above 140°C
Explosive Properties: Not explosive as sold, dust may form explosive mixture with air
Oxidizing Properties: Not considered an oxidizer
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal storage and handling conditions. Rapid decomposition with heat or incompatible materials.
Hazardous Reactions: Reacts with strong oxidizers, acids, nitrites to form hazardous products.
Decomposition Products: Toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides, aniline, and possible ammonia.
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, open flame, exposure to strong oxidizers or strong acids.
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, acid chlorides, strong bases, oxidizers, halogens
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat) around 2000–3000 mg/kg. Harmful if swallowed or absorbed through skin. High exposure may lead to methemoglobinemia.
Chronic Toxicity: Possible liver, kidney, and blood effects due to repeated exposure. Nervous system symptoms may occur with heavy exposure.
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: Moderate skin irritant.
Serious Eye Damage/Irritation: Causes eye irritation, possible permanent damage if not washed from eye.
Respiratory or Skin Sensitization: Not well established, but possible with repeated exposure.
Cancer Information: Classified as Group 2B by IARC (possibly carcinogenic to humans)
Mutagenicity: Animal studies show potential for DNA damage.
Symptoms of Exposure: Headache, dizziness, cyanosis (bluish skin), confusion, weakness, nausea
Target Organs: Blood, liver, kidneys
Aquatic Toxicity: Very toxic to aquatic life. LC50 (fish, 96hr): ~3 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Slow to degrade, not readily biodegradable
Bioaccumulation: Moderate potential; log Kow 3.41 suggests risk of accumulation in aquatic organisms
Mobility in Soil: Limited; binds strongly to organic matter
Other Ecotoxic Effects: Risk for long-term adverse effects in aquatic environment from persistent residues
Other Adverse Effects: Low volatility at ambient temperatures minimizes air dispersal, but spillage can contaminate soils and water
Disposal Methods: Collect and dispose as hazardous chemical waste. Incineration in licensed facility with scrubbers for nitrogen oxides.
Container Disposal: Triple rinse container, puncture, and dispose according to local chemical waste protocols.
Precautions: Never release into sewers, water systems, or open environment. Consult local, regional, national regulations before disposal.
Special Considerations: Residues and contaminated materials should be disposed of as hazardous waste, not reused or recycled
UN Number: 3077
Proper Shipping Name: Environmentally hazardous substance, solid, n.o.s. (contains Diphenylamine)
Transport Hazard Class: 9 (Miscellaneous Dangerous Substances)
Packing Group: III
Labels: Environmentally hazardous and miscellaneous hazard
Special Precautions: Prevent shifts or spills during transport. Protect from moisture and physical damage. Avoid transportation with food, feed, or other incompatible chemicals.
Regulatory References: Complies with ADR/RID, IMDG, IATA for international shipment
US Regulations: Listed on TSCA inventory. Subject to SARA 311/312 for hazard categories. Reportable quantity (RQ) may apply for spillage or release.
EU Regulations: REACH registered, classified according to CLP/GHS, restrictions on use in some consumer and agricultural applications.
Canada: DSL/NDSL status: Listed. WHMIS classification: D2A (Very Toxic), D2B (Toxic).
Other International Regulations: Australian AICS: Listed. Japan ENCS: Listed. Restrictions may apply in some countries regarding environmental release and industrial use.
Label Elements: Product must be labeled in accordance with local chemical safety laws and include hazard pictograms and signal words.
Worker Protection Laws: Employers must provide safety training, PPE, and regular health monitoring when exposure risk exists.
