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Substance Name: Diethyl Malonate
Chemical Formula: C7H12O4
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid with a fruity odor
Common Uses: Chemical intermediate in pharmaceuticals, fragrances, pesticides
Synonyms: DEM, Malonic acid diethyl ester
CAS Number: 105-53-3
Main Risks: Skin and eye irritation, harmful if swallowed or inhaled
Health Hazards: May cause nausea, vomiting, or respiratory irritation
Environmental Hazards: Harmful to aquatic life, potential groundwater contaminant
Physical Hazards: Flammable liquid and vapor
Pictograms: Flammable, Exclamation mark for irritation
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, ingestion
Main Ingredient: Diethyl malonate (pure substance, typically above 99%)
Impurities: Minimal, trace by-products possible from manufacturing but generally not significant in commercial product
Eye Contact: Rinse with plenty of water, hold eyelids open, seek medical attention if irritation continues
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water, remove contaminated clothing
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, rest, seek help if symptoms like dizziness or cough continue
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, avoid inducing vomiting, get medical help if feeling unwell
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, CO2, foam, water spray
Explosion Risk: Vapors may form explosive mixture with air
Protective Gear: Full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus
Fire Byproducts: Carbon oxides may form
Special Instructions: Keep containers cool with water if exposed to heat, prevent runoff from entering drains or waterways
Precautions: Evacuate area, avoid breathing vapors
Containment: Stop leak if safe, dike spill with inert material like sand
Cleanup: Absorb with vermiculite or similar, collect for disposal, ventilate area thoroughly
Personal Protection: Wear gloves, eye protection, and suitable respiratory protection
Safe Handling: Use in well-ventilated areas, wear protective equipment
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly sealed containers, away from heat sources and open flames
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, bases
Segregation: Keep separate from food and drink, store upright
Spill Prevention: Use secondary containment where practical to limit impact
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, eye wash stations
Personal Protective Equipment: Gloves (nitrile or similar), chemical splash goggles, lab coat
Respiratory Protection: Use approved mask in case of insufficient ventilation
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, avoid eating or drinking near work area
Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limits for diethyl malonate, but keep below detectability for safety
Physical State: Liquid
Color: Clear, colorless
Odor: Fruity or sweet ester-like aroma
Boiling Point: Around 199°C
Melting Point: -50°C
Flash Point: About 96°C
Vapor Pressure: Low at room temperature
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, readily soluble in common organic solvents
Density: Approximately 1.06 g/cm³
Stability: Typically stable at ambient temperature under recommended storage
Reactivity: Can react with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids
Hazardous Decomposition: Burning may create carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
Polymerization: Not known to polymerize under normal conditions
Special Risks: Heat, open flame, and strong bases may speed up decomposition
Acute Toxicity: Moderate for ingestion and inhalation, mild for skin
Symptoms of Overexposure: Nausea, vomiting, throat irritation, headache
Chronic Effects: No strong evidence for chronic health issues with common exposures, data limited
Sensitization: Not classed as a sensitizer
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as carcinogenic by major agencies like IARC or OSHA
Mutagenicity and Reproductive Effects: Data not strong enough to suggest direct risk
Aquatic Toxicity: Known to be harmful to fish and aquatic organisms at significant concentrations
Persistence: Tends to break down slowly in the environment, especially in water
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to build up significantly in the food chain
Soil Mobility: Can leach through soil and potentially reach groundwater
Degradation Products: Can break into smaller organic acids under environmental conditions
Waste Handling: Gather in tightly closed containers, do not dump in drains or natural streams
Destruction Methods: Preferably burn in a chemical incinerator fitted with scrubbers
Contaminated Packaging: Dispose as hazardous waste, follow local and national guidelines
Recycling/Recovery: Not recommended for reuse due to contamination risks
Disposal Regulations: Follow national waste regulations, avoid mixing waste streams
UN Number: UN2524
Hazard Labels: Flammable liquid
Packing Group: III
Recommended Transport Practices: Use properly sealed, labeled containers
Spill Response Resources: Carry absorbents and spill kits during transit
Road, Rail, Air, Sea: All modes require proper hazard labeling – especially vital for international shipping under IMDG and IATA codes
Global Inventory Status: Listed in inventories such as TSCA (US), REACH (EU), DSL (Canada)
Labeling Requirements: Subject to chemical hazard labeling under GHS conventions
Worker Safety Regulations: Use of PPE, training, and monitoring required under industrial hygiene codes
Threshold Quantities: Some regions set threshold quantities for reporting or special permit
Reporting Obligations: Environmental releases may be reportable under various national hazard laws if spill exceeds set volumes
