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Chemical Name: Dichloromethane
Synonyms: Methylene chloride, DCM, Methane dichloride
CAS Number: 75-09-2
EC Number: 200-838-9
Recommended Use: Solvent for paints, adhesives, pharmaceuticals, industrial cleaning
Manufacturer: Refer to supplier for contact details
Emergency Contact: Local Poison Control Center or Emergency Medical Services
Classification: Acute toxicity inhalation (Category 3), Skin irritation (Category 2), Eye irritation (Category 2), Carcinogenicity (Category 2)
Hazard Statements: Harmful if inhaled, causes skin irritation, causes serious eye irritation, suspected of causing cancer
Pictograms: Health hazard, exclamation mark
Signal Word: Warning
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing vapors/mist; Wash hands after handling; Wear protective gloves, clothing, and eye/face protection; Seek medical advice if you feel unwell
Other Hazards: Vapors heavier than air, may cause drowsiness or dizziness, may form explosive mixtures with air within confined spaces
Substance: Dichloromethane
Content: >99.5% by weight
Impurities: Trace contaminants such as methanol, chloroform (<0.1%)
Molecular Formula: CH₂Cl₂
Molecular Weight: 84.93 g/mol
Inhalation: Move victim outside to fresh air, keep at rest, obtain immediate medical attention if symptoms such as headache, nausea, or drowsiness develop; administer oxygen if breathing is difficult
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, thoroughly wash skin with water and soap for at least 15 minutes, seek medical advice if irritation persists
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present, continue rinsing, consult ophthalmologist if discomfort continues
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek immediate medical evaluation due to aspiration hazard
Flammability: Non-flammable in air, but may form flammable mixtures at elevated temperature or pressure
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Foam, carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder
Unsuitable Media: High-volume water jets may scatter material
Hazardous Combustion Products: Hydrogen chloride gas, phosgene, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide
Firefighting Protective Equipment: Self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective gear
Special Procedures: Cool containers exposed to fire with water spray, avoid inhalation of fumes
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate, avoid inhalation of vapor, prevent skin and eye contact, wear appropriate PPE (respirator, gloves, goggles)
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains, sewers, and waterways
Methods for Cleanup: Contain spill with absorbent (sand, earth), scoop up and place in suitable closed container for disposal, avoid creating mist
Decontamination: Wash spill area thoroughly with soap and water after material pickup, ventilate space
Handling: Use only with adequate ventilation, avoid breathing vapor or mist, prevent contact with eyes, skin, and clothing, use appropriate PPE, no smoking or ignition sources near area
Storage: Keep container tightly closed in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, store away from oxidation agents, acids, and direct sunlight, keep away from food and drink
Transfer: Use proper grounding and bonding procedures to prevent static discharge during transfer
Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL): OSHA PEL: 25 ppm TWA, ACGIH TLV: 50 ppm TWA
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation, closed systems, explosion-proof ventilation where applicable
Respiratory Protection: NIOSH-approved air-purifying respirator for organic vapors or supplied-air respirator during spill response
Hand Protection: Chemical-resistant gloves (butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, neoprene)
Eye Protection: Chemical safety goggles and face shield for splashing
Skin Protection: Lab coat, coveralls or chemical-resistant apron, closed footwear
Hygiene: No eating, drinking, or smoking during use, wash hands after handling
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Sweet, chloroform-like scent
Odor Threshold: Around 160 ppm
Melting Point: -96.7°C
Boiling Point: 39.6°C
Flash Point: None (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: 27.5 (butyl acetate = 1)
Flammability: Lower: 12% vol, Upper: 19% vol
Vapor Pressure: 58.4 kPa at 20°C
Vapor Density: 2.93 (air = 1)
Solubility in Water: 20 g/L at 20°C
Partition Coefficient: log Kow = 1.25
Viscosity: 0.413 mPa·s at 20°C
Relative Density: 1.325 g/cm³ at 25°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Reactivity: May react violently with strong bases, alkali metals, and oxidizing agents
Conditions to Avoid: Avoid heating, exposure to sunlight, and incompatible materials
Hazardous Decomposition: Hydrogen chloride, carbon monoxide, phosgene may be released on thermal decomposition
Polymerization: Does not occur under normal conditions
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 1600 mg/kg, Inhalation LC50 (rat, 4h): 49 mg/L
Irritation/Corrosivity: Causes severe eye and skin irritation
Repeated Dose Toxicity: May cause central nervous system depression, liver and kidney damage with chronic exposure
Carcinogenicity: Classified as possible human carcinogen by IARC (Group 2B), NTP: Reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen
Mutagenicity: Some evidence from animal and in vitro studies
Other Effects: Dizziness, headaches, nausea, respiratory tract irritation, possible cardiac sensitization in high concentrations
Ecotoxicity: Highly toxic to aquatic life, LC50 (fish, 96h): 193 mg/L (Pimephales promelas)
Persistence and Degradability: Rapidly volatile, partially biodegradable, not persistent in soil or water
Bioaccumulative Potential: Low potential based on log Kow
Mobility in Soil: High mobility, may leach to groundwater
Other Adverse Effects: May contribute to atmospheric ozone depletion under specific conditions
Waste Treatment Methods: Incineration under controlled conditions, chemical oxidation for diluted solutions, do not dispose of in sewers or natural waterways
Container Disposal: Triple rinse, remove labels, puncture to prevent reuse, dispose of in accordance with local and national regulations
Regulatory Classification: Classified as hazardous waste under RCRA (U080), sludges and residues need special attention by licensed waste handler
UN Number: 1593
Proper Shipping Name: Dichloromethane
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic liquid, organic, n.o.s.)
Packing Group: III
Labels: Toxic, Environmental Hazard
Marine Pollutant: No, but avoid bulk discharge into aquatic systems
Special Precautions: Keep away from acids, oxidizers during transport, avoid heat sources, follow secure closure for containers
OSHA: Regulated substance, workplace exposure standards set
EPA: Classified as hazardous air pollutant (HAP), reporting required under EPCRA SARA Title III
TSCA: Listed on Toxic Substances Control Act inventory
REACH: Subject to authorization, restricted under Annex XVII in the EU
Other International Regulation: Included in IARC Monographs, subject to local/provincial control legislation
