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Chemical Name: Dess-Martin periodinane
Common Usage: Popular oxidizing agent for organic chemistry labs, typically used to convert alcohols into aldehydes or ketones with high selectivity
Appearance: Pale yellow crystalline solid
Odor: Nearly odorless, slight chemical scent detectable during handling
Recommended Use: Laboratory reagent for oxidation reactions, intended for use by trained personnel familiar with chemical safety
Physical Hazards: Strong oxidizer, decomposes in presence of moisture or heat, may evolve irritating fumes
Health Risks: Causes irritation to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract; contact may result in redness, burning, or itchiness; inhalation of dust can provoke coughing or breathing trouble
Environmental Risks: Toxic to aquatic organisms and may cause long-term harmful effects to water systems
Pictogram: Lab signage points to health hazard, exclamation mark for irritant, environment symbol for aquatic toxicity
Main Component: Dess-Martin periodinane (CAS #: 87413-09-0), purity over 95% in research-grade products
Other Notable Substances: Trace amounts of acetic acid or organic solvents may linger from synthesis, depending on purification methods
Eye Contact: Rinse thoroughly under running water for several minutes, lift upper and lower eyelids, seek medical attention if irritation persists
Skin Contact: Wash area immediately with soap and cold water, remove contaminated clothing, and seek medical advice as needed
Inhalation: Move to area with fresh air, keep steady breathing, seek medical support if cough, dizziness, or throat irritation continue
Ingestion: Do not encourage vomiting, rinse mouth with water, prompt evaluation by healthcare provider advised
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, CO2, or foam; avoid water jets to prevent spreading
Specific Hazards: Oxidizer properties can accelerate combustion, releasing iodine-containing vapors, acetic acid, or carbon oxides
Protective Equipment: Firefighters wear SCBA and chemical-resistant gear to protect against inhalation or skin contact
Advice: Remove containers from fire area if safe, cool with water, and contain runoff
Personal Precautions: Keep unprotected people away, ventilate area, wear nitrile gloves, chemical splash goggles, lab coat
Environmental Precautions: Block entry into drains or water sources, limit spreading using inert materials such as vermiculite
Cleanup Method: Scoop up solid without raising dust, place in sealed, labeled waste container for disposal
Handling Practices: Open bottles in fume hood, avoid breathing dust, keep away from strong reducers or heat sources, use non-sparking tools
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed amber glass bottles, away from moisture and direct sunlight, in dedicated chemical cabinets
Compatibility: Incompatible with reducing agents, acids, bases, and combustible materials
Engineering Controls: Process inside fume hood or well-ventilated area, restrict access to trained workers
Personal Protective Equipment: Gloves made from nitrile or similar materials, fitted safety goggles, flame-retardant lab coat
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands thoroughly after handling, do not eat or smoke in work areas, change contaminated clothing
Exposure Limits: No specific regulatory limits for this compound; minimize exposure nonetheless due to lack of detailed toxicological data
Form: Solid, crystalline
Color: Faint yellow
Melting Point: Decomposes before melting, softens above 130°C
Solubility: Moderate solubility in organic solvents such as dichloromethane, ethyl acetate; negligible in water
Odor Threshold: Not established due to low volatility
Other: Unstable at high temperatures or prolonged light exposure
Chemical Stability: Stable under dry, cool, well-sealed conditions
Reactivity Profile: Rapidly decomposes if damp or heated, contact with strong reducers may prompt violent reaction
Incompatible Materials: Strong reducing agents, acids, bases, metals, water, combustible substances
Decomposition: Generates iodine species, acetic acid, and carbon oxides under decomposition
Likely Routes of Exposure: Inhalation of dust, skin contact, accidental eye splashes
Immediate Effects: Skin or eye contact gives irritation; inhaling dust can lead to coughing, wheezing, throat discomfort
Chronic Risks: Not enough research to confirm long-term effects from repeated exposure, so take a precautionary approach
Sensitization: No strong evidence for allergic skin reactions, though cases of dermatitis have occurred with repeated contact
Mobility: Not mobile in soil due to low water solubility; likely to persist
Aquatic Toxicity: Proved harmful to aquatic invertebrates; avoid release to waterways
Persistence: Tends not to break down quickly under environmental conditions, raising the risk of accumulation
Other Concerns: Byproducts from decomposition can carry their own risks for aquatic and terrestrial life
Recommended Method: Collect solid and contaminated absorbents in dedicated hazardous waste containers, do not flush or dilute into drains
Precaution: Disposal follows local, regional rules for oxidizing chemical waste, may involve incineration at specialist facilities
Cleanup Waste: Drenching in water to neutralize before disposal is not reliable, seek chemical disposal service
UN Classification: Included in regulations for oxidizers, careful packing in airtight, shatterproof containers
Proper Shipping Name: Organic oxidizing solid (no specific label for Dess-Martin periodinane, but handled as an oxidizer)
Special Requirements: Carriers demand documentation about hazards, handlers expect verification that containers show no leaks
Occupational Standards: No specific exposure standard, designated as hazardous by many national agencies
Chemical Inventory: Recognized as a research chemical in major hazard listing systems; subject to safety reporting at academic and research institutions
Restrictions: Improper use, mishandling, or disposal may result in penalties or legal action
Worker Protection: Strict adherence to chemical hygiene plans, mandatory PPE, and periodic safety reviews in teaching and research environments
