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Product Name: 4',6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole
Chemical Formula: C16H15N5·2HCl
Synonyms: DAPI dihydrochloride, DAPI stain
Recommended Use: Fluorescent DNA stain in biological research
Supplier: Available from laboratory chemical providers
Contact Information: Emergency numbers found on supplier’s website or label
CAS Number: 28718-90-3
UN Number: Not classified as hazardous for transport
Manufacturer Information: Refer to packaging or supplier documentation for exact manufacturer details
Product Code: Unique to supplier, often referenced in orders and queries
Classification: Eye irritant, possible harm to fetal development, not generally recognized as acutely toxic
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Hazard Symbols: Exclamation mark for minor toxic effects, possible risk symbol for laboratory use
Risk Phrases: May cause irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract
Precautionary Statements: Wear personal protective equipment, avoid ingestion and inhalation, do not allow untrained personnel to handle
Target Organs: Eyes, skin, mucous membranes
Chemical Name: 4',6-Diamidino-2-Phenylindole, Dihydrochloride
Purity: Typically >98%
Impurities: Trace organics, limited by strict lab-grade specifications
Other Ingredients: None under normal research conditions
Molecular Weight: Approximately 350.25 g/mol
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present, seek medical attention if irritation persists
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and plenty of water, remove contaminated clothing, medical attention suggested for persistent redness or reaction
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, maintain unobstructed breathing, medical advice required if symptoms develop
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person, immediate medical consultation required
Specific Treatments: Symptomatic and supportive care in clinical setting
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, carbon dioxide, dry chemical, foam
Unsuitable Media: Do not use direct water jets on chemical containers
Special Hazards: Toxic or irritating fumes, including nitrogen oxides and carbon oxides, may form in fire
Protective Equipment: Firefighters wear self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical protective clothing
Explosion Data: Not expected to form explosive mixtures with air
Additional Information: Remove personnel from area of smoke or vapors
Personal Precautions: Evacuate area, use personal protective gear such as gloves, laboratory coat, goggles
Environmental Precautions: Prevent from entering waterways or drains, contain spill with inert material
Spill Clean-up: Collect spilled material with absorbent, transfer to suitable, labeled disposal container
Decontamination: Clean affected surfaces thoroughly using water and mild detergent
Disposal: Follow regulatory and institutional guidelines for hazardous laboratory waste
Handling: Work in a chemical fume hood, minimize dust or aerosol generation, wash hands thoroughly after use
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents, strong acids
Storage Conditions: Keep container tightly closed, store in cool, well-ventilated space, protect from light
Quantity Limits: Store only required amount for immediate or short-term use, restrict access to authorized personnel
Transfer Precautions: Avoid spillage when preparing solutions, use secondary containment for bulk containers
Occupational Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limits for DAPI
Engineering Controls: Utilize fume hood or equivalent ventilation
Respiratory Protection: Dust mask when handling powders outside closed system
Eye Protection: Safety goggles, face shield if risk of splashing exists
Skin Protection: Chemically resistant gloves, lab coat, closed shoes
Hygiene Measures: Wash thoroughly after using, avoid eating or drinking in work area
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder
Odor: Practically odorless
pH (in solution): Typically neutral to slightly acidic depending on dilution and buffer
Melting Point: Approximately 300°C (decomposes)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling)
Solubility: Soluble in water and most polar organic solvents
Partition Coefficient: Data limited but low expected due to high polarity
Vapor Pressure: Not measurable at ambient conditions
Viscosity: Not relevant
Flash Point: Not flammable under standard conditions
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and use conditions
Reactivity: Not reactive with most laboratory reagents or under normal handling
Hazardous Decomposition: Combustion may release toxic nitrogen-containing gases
Polymerization: Will not occur
Incompatible Materials: Avoid oxidizers and strong acids, as these may cause decomposition
Conditions to Avoid: Excessive heat, direct sunlight for extended periods
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 in rats estimated in milligrams per kilogram range, exact value may vary between supplier and studies
Chronic Effects: DNA-binding properties suggest caution in use, unproven carcinogenicity but recommended as potential mutagen
Irritation: Eyes and skin irritation possible with direct contact
Sensitization: Not expected to cause allergic skin response under normal handling
Reproductive Effects: Evidence from DNA interaction studies supports use of gloves during all manipulation
Additional Info: No full-scale epidemiological studies in humans, so always err on the side of caution
Ecotoxicity: No detailed environmental fate studies in aquatic or soil environments
Persistence and Degradability: Likely to persist in environment due to low biodegradability
Bioaccumulative Potential: Molecule not expected to bioaccumulate significantly in living organisms
Mobility in Soil: Expected to exhibit moderate mobility, soluble in water, could reach groundwater
Other Adverse Effects: Avoid uncontrolled release, as impact on aquatic microorganisms remains poorly understood
Waste Treatment Methods: Dispose of solids and contaminated materials as hazardous waste
Contaminated Packaging: Clean before recycling or dispose in accordance with chemical waste regulations
Incineration: Incinerate in licensed facility with flue gas scrubbing
Drain Disposal: Not recommended; prevents chemical entry into water systems
Disposal Guidance: Consult institution's Environmental Health and Safety office or local regulatory authorities for most current procedures
UN Number: Not regulated under major ground, sea, or air transport codes
Proper Shipping Name: Non-hazardous chemical, laboratory reagent
Transport Hazard Class: Not classified as hazardous
Packing Group: Not applicable
Marine Pollutant: Not listed as marine pollutant
Special Precautions: Ship in tightly closed original container, mark as laboratory chemical
DOT/IATA/IMDG: Not listed as restricted or hazardous under U.S. or international transport regulations
OSHA Status: Considered hazardous based on laboratory safety standards
TSCA Status: Listed
SARA Title III: Not regulated under Sections 302, 304, or 313
WHMIS Classification: D2B (Toxic material causing other toxic effects) in Canada
REACH Status: Exempt when supplied in small quantities for research and development
Labeling Requirements: Signal word “Warning”, standard hazard pictograms, advice for safe handling
Additional Rules: Always reference up-to-date safety documents, keep SDS accessible for all personnel
