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Chemical name: 3-[(3-Cholamidopropyl)dimethylammonio]-1-propanesulfonate hydrate
Common names: CHAPS hydrate
Appearance: White, crystalline powder with no strong odor
Primary use: Laboratory detergent in protein separation, biochemical and molecular biology applications
Relevant identifiers: CAS 75621-03-3
Classification: Substance not listed as hazardous by major chemical safety agencies like OSHA or GHS
Signal words: None applicable under standard classifications
Potential health effects: Causes mild irritation to skin and eyes on contact, ingestion may cause mild gastric upset
Chronic exposure: No known long-term health impacts from repeated low-level lab exposure have been established
Environment: No significant acute environmental hazards identified in controlled use
Ingredient: CHAPS hydrate, purity above 98% in most commercial grades
Dangerous impurities: None typically present at hazardous concentrations in analytical or laboratory formulations
Physical form: Solid hydrate
Eye contact: Flush exposed eyes with plenty of water for at least fifteen minutes, remove contact lenses if present and easy
Skin contact: Wash with soap and water to remove residue, seek attention if irritation persists
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, monitor for discomfort such as coughing or breathing difficulty
Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water, drink water to dilute, do not induce vomiting, seek attention for any symptoms
Suitable extinguishing media: Water spray, dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide
Specific hazards: Thermal decomposition in a fire can produce oxides of carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen, as well as ammonia
Protective equipment: Use self-contained breathing apparatus, gloves, and full protective gear to prevent contact with dust or smoke
Special procedures: Avoid direct inhalation of combustion products
Personal precautions: Wear gloves, lab coat, and eye protection to reduce direct contact
Environmental precautions: Prevent large quantities from entering drains or waterways
Clean up methods: Brush solid carefully into containers for disposal, use damp cloth to pick up residue, ventilate area
Spill containment: Isolate spill area to avoid tracking powder outside controlled space
Handling: Manage with general laboratory safety procedures, avoid creating dust, use a fume hood for large-scale weighing
Storage: Keep in a tightly-sealed container, place in a dry, cool location away from incompatible materials like strong acids and oxidizers
Special notes: Label containers with contents and hazard advice, ensure storage shelves are secure and clean
Control parameters: No occupational exposure limits established for this material in most jurisdictions
Engineering controls: Local exhaust or lab fume hood minimizes dust inhalation
Personal protection: Protective gloves, lab coat, safety glasses or goggles recommended for regular handling, use dust mask in case of visible particulates
Hygiene measures: Wash hands after use and before eating, drinking, or leaving the workspace
Appearance: White, free-flowing powder
Odor: No pronounced odor
Solubility: Freely soluble in water
Melting point: Decomposes above 200°C
pH (1% solution): Typically near neutral, pH 7–8
Other characteristics: Stable in dry conditions, does not absorb significant moisture under ordinary atmospheric humidity
Stability: Stable under standard laboratory storage and handling conditions
Hazardous reactions: Avoid contact with strong acids and oxidizing agents—rapid decomposition possible
Decomposition products: Heat or fire releases carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, ammonia
Conditions to avoid: Open flames, excessive heat, direct sunlight, contact with incompatible chemicals
Acute toxicity: Low acute toxicity based on available solubility and animal studies
Irritation: May cause eye and skin irritation, especially with prolonged or repeated exposure
Ingestion effects: In large quantities may cause mild digestive discomfort
Long-term exposure: No strong evidence for carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, or reproductive toxicity
Sensitization: Not known to cause allergic skin reactions
Ecotoxicity: Limited data suggest low aquatic toxicity under normal laboratory use
Persistence and degradability: Moderately biodegradable in environmental conditions; does not persist for extended durations
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to bioaccumulate in aquatic or land organisms
Mobility in soil: High water solubility leads to mobility, but risk mitigated by appropriate disposal
Waste disposal: Small laboratory quantities may go in chemical waste, following university or facility safety rules
Avoid: Disposal in household trash or pouring down standard drains in large quantities
Packaging: Contaminated packaging managed as laboratory chemical waste or clean by approved authorities
UN classification: Not regulated as hazardous for transport under common international or US guidelines
Packing group: Not assigned
Personal transport: Ensure containers are sealed and labeled in transit, protect from moisture
Global status: Not listed as a hazardous substance by standard international agencies such as OSHA, WHMIS, or ECHA
Inventory status: Included in many chemical inventories, including TSCA in the US
Labeling: Recommend proper hazard information and safe handling instructions are communicated to all downstream users in labs and industry
