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Product Name: Aniline
Synonyms: Aminobenzene, Phenylamine
Chemical Formula: C6H5NH2
CAS Number: 62-53-3
UN Number: 1547
Manufacturer/Supplier: Please contact your chemical supplier for up-to-date contact information and emergency phone number
Recommended Use: Intermediate in dye and pigment production, pharmaceuticals, rubber processing, agricultural chemicals, and laboratory reagents
Emergency Overview: Colorless to slightly yellow, oily liquid with a characteristic amine odor; toxic and potentially carcinogenic
Classification: Acute Toxicity (Oral, Inhalation, Dermal) Category 3; Skin Corrosion/Irritation Category 2; Eye Damage/Irritation Category 2A; Germ Cell Mutagenicity Category 2; Carcinogenicity Category 2; Target Organ Toxicity (Repeated Exposure) Category 2
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Toxic if swallowed, in contact with skin, or if inhaled; causes skin and eye irritation; suspected of causing cancer and genetic defects; may cause damage to blood and organs through prolonged or repeated exposure; vapors harmful
Precautionary Statements: Avoid all unnecessary exposure; use personal protective equipment; do not eat, drink or smoke while using; wash hands thoroughly after handling; store locked up; keep away from heat and open flames
Symptoms of Exposure: Bluish skin, headache, dizziness, weakness, confusion, tremors, methemoglobinemia (reduced oxygen supply due to altered hemoglobin), possible kidney and liver effects
Chemical Name: Aniline
Concentration: >99% by weight
CAS Number: 62-53-3
Impurities: Trace amounts of nitrobenzene, toluidines, moisture, and other organic compounds depending on source or supplier; some manufacturing processes can introduce specific impurities
Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 5 ppm (19 mg/m³) TWA; NIOSH REL: 2 ppm (7.6 mg/m³) TWA; ACGIH TLV: 2 ppm (7.6 mg/m³) TWA, Skin notation
Inhalation: Remove from exposure area to fresh air, keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing, seek medical attention immediately; give oxygen if breathing is difficult, provide artificial respiration by trained personnel if not breathing
Skin Contact: Take off contaminated clothing and shoes immediately; wash affected area thoroughly with soap and water; seek medical advice promptly; treat chemical burns as required
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids occasionally; get medical attention as soon as possible
Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting; rinse mouth, never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person; seek immediate medical attention for potential toxic effects
Main Symptoms: Methemoglobinemia leading to cyanosis (bluish skin), headache, drowsiness, confusion, tachycardia, shortness of breath, potentially fatal in severe cases
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, dry chemical, alcohol-resistant foam, or carbon dioxide for small fires; avoid direct water stream on substance
Hazardous Combustion Products: Emits toxic fumes including nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and aniline vapor
Special Procedures: Evacuate area, fight fire from a safe distance, keep containers cool with water spray, wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus
Fire/Explosion Hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air; containers exposed to fire may rupture or explode; runoff can cause environmental contamination
Flash Point: 70°C (closed cup)
Personal Precautions: Evacuate non-essential personnel, ventilate area, avoid breathing vapors and skin contact, use appropriate PPE (gloves, goggles, protective clothing, respirator as required)
Environmental Precautions: Prevent runoff into sewers, drains, surface water, or soil; inform authorities if contamination occurs
Methods for Containment: Dike area around spill to limit spread, absorb with inert materials such as sand or earth, do not use combustible absorbents
Cleanup Procedure: Collect absorbed material in suitable containers for disposal according to local regulations, decontaminate spill site with detergent and water; ensure all equipment is thoroughly cleaned
Handling: Work in well-ventilated areas away from heat, sparks, open flames, and sources of ignition; avoid inhaling mist/vapor; prevent contact with skin, eyes, and clothing; use only with compatible materials; keep containers tightly sealed; wash thoroughly after use
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area; keep away from oxidizing agents and acids; store in original, labeled containers, protected from light; prevent static buildup; restrict access to trained personnel
Incompatible Materials: Strong acids, strong oxidizers (such as nitric acid, chromates), halogens, hypochlorites, and other reactive chemicals
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation and process enclosures to control airborne concentrations; employ eye wash stations and safety showers
Respiratory Protection: Use respirator with organic vapor cartridges if airborne concentrations exceed exposure limits; NIOSH-approved equipment recommended
Skin Protection: Wear chemical-resistant gloves (e.g., nitrile, neoprene), chemical-resistant clothing to prevent skin contact
Eye/Face Protection: Safety goggles with side shields, face shields for splash potential
Workplace Hygiene: Wash hands, face, and exposed skin before eating, drinking, and at end of work shift; remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse; do not smoke or eat near work area
Appearance: Oily, colorless to light yellow liquid
Odor: Characteristic aromatic amine odor
Boiling Point: 184°C
Melting Point: -6°C
Flash Point: 70°C (closed cup)
Explosive Limits: Lower: 1.3%, Upper: 19% (v/v)
Vapor Pressure: 0.6 mm Hg (at 20°C)
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, miscible with most organic solvents
Density: 1.02 g/cm³ (at 20°C)
pH: Not applicable (neutral organic compound)
Partition Coefficient: log Kow = 0.90
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions
Hazardous Reactions: Readily forms explosive mixtures with air; reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids, and some halogenated compounds
Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, aniline vapors
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, open flame, sources of ignition, incompatible chemicals, prolonged sunlight exposure
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, dermal contact, eye contact
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (oral, rat): 250 mg/kg; LD50 (dermal, rabbit): 820 mg/kg; LC50 (inhalation, rat): 175 ppm/4 hr
Chronic Effects: Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause damage to blood (methemoglobinemia), liver, kidneys, and central nervous system
Carcinogenicity: IARC Group 2A (Probably carcinogenic to humans); NTP reasonably anticipated human carcinogen; linked to bladder tumors in some studies
Reproductive Effects: Some evidence of developmental and reproductive toxicity in animal studies
Other Effects: Sensitization rarely reported, but repeated skin exposure may increase risk; mutagenicity seen in vitro and some animal models
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms; acute LC50 for fish (e.g., fathead minnow) 96-hour: 39 mg/L; Daphnia LC50: 1.2 – 7.6 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Biodegradable under aerobic conditions but can persist in low-nutrient waters; photodegrades in sunlight
Bioaccumulation: Low potential (log Kow = 0.90); does not concentrate in aquatic food chains
Mobility: Moderately mobile in soil; may leach to groundwater; contaminates surface waters in industry-rich areas
Other Environmental Hazards: Toxic to soil and sediment organisms; may lead to deteriorating water quality and impact drinking water supplies near release sites
Disposal Methods: Dispose of in accordance with local, state, and federal regulations; incineration recommended for substantial quantities; neutralize and treat wastewater before disposal
Hazardous Waste Identification: EPA Hazardous Waste Number U008 (RCRA listed); also regulated in Europe under hazardous waste codes
Packaging Disposal: Rinse containers thoroughly, dispose as hazardous waste, do not reuse for food or drink storage; triple rinse and puncture before transport
Precautions: Avoid release to environment, ensure waste handlers wear proper PPE, notify regulatory authorities of any large releases
UN Number: 1547
Proper Shipping Name: Aniline
Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic substances)
Packing Group: II
Labels Required: Toxic
Environmental Hazards: Marine pollutant (as amended by some regulatory authorities)
Transport Precautions: Keep container tightly closed; transport in upright, secure containers; emergency response action guide available from DOT/EPA for highway or rail incidents
Additional Information: Subject to air, sea, road, and rail transport safety rules and local restrictions; not allowed by passenger aircraft—cargo-only shipment according to IATA DGR
OSHA: Aniline regulated as a toxic substance under the Hazard Communication Standard; workplace exposure limits enforced
TSCA Inventory: Listed
SARA Title III: Listed under Sections 302 (EHS), 313 (Toxic Release Inventory); notification required for accidental releases above threshold amounts
CERCLA: Reportable Quantity (RQ): 1,000 pounds (454 kg)
EPA: Listed as hazardous air pollutant (HAP); subject to RCRA hazardous waste requirements (waste code U008)
International: Covered under REACH in Europe; Schedule 3 of Australia’s SUSMP; Japanese PRTR Law and Canadian DSL/NDSL apply
Other Regulatory Aspects: Safety training and written hazard communication program required for workers; comprehensive record-keeping for storage, transfer, and disposal mandated under environmental law
