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Product Name: Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate
Chemical Formula: AlCl3 · 6H2O
Synonyms: Aluminum trichloride hexahydrate, Aluminum chloride 6-water
CAS Number: 7784-13-6
Recommended Use: Laboratory reagent, water treatment, chemical synthesis
Supplier Details: Check with your laboratory supplier for their specific contact information and emergency phone lines.
Hazard Classification: Corrosive to metals, Skin Corrosion Category 1, Eye Damage Category 1
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Causes severe skin burns and eye damage, may cause respiratory irritation, reacts with moisture or water to release hydrogen chloride gas
Pictograms: Corrosion, exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid all contact with eyes, skin, and clothing, do not inhale dust, mist or fumes, keep away from water and damp air, work only in a well-ventilated area, use personal protective equipment and wash thoroughly after handling, store locked up and keep container tightly closed.
Chemical Identity: Aluminum chloride hexahydrate
Concentration: >95% by weight
Impurities: Typically trace amounts of iron, other metal chlorides (supplier dependent)
Component CAS Number: 7784-13-6
Hazardous Components: Contains only the main constituent under typical laboratory use.
Inhalation: Move the person to fresh air, support breathing if difficulty arises, seek medical help right away if symptoms (cough, difficulty breathing, dizziness) develop.
Skin Contact: Remove all contaminated clothing, flush skin with plenty of water for 15 minutes, do not apply ointments or creams, get medical attention even if irritation seems minor.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes immediately with lukewarm water (use eye wash station), hold eyelids open and flush continuously for at least 15 minutes, avoid rubbing eyes, seek emergency attention as delayed injury can occur.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly but do not induce vomiting, give water slowly if the person is conscious, obtain immediate medical assistance, never give fluids by mouth to an unconscious individual.
Notes for Physicians: Immediate decontamination is essential, check for possible hydrolysis products like HCl gas in airways, symptomatic and supportive care required.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide, do not use water unless absolutely necessary because reaction releases corrosive hydrogen chloride gas
Special Hazards: Hydrogen chloride gas emission under fire conditions, may cause respiratory hazards and corrosion
Firefighting Instructions: Firefighters wear full protective gear and self-contained breathing apparatus, isolate hazard area, use dry agents to prevent further chemical reaction, control runoff due to environmental risks, cool surrounding containers with non-direct streams if possible.
NFPA Ratings: Health: 3, Flammability: 0, Reactivity: 2
Personal Precautions: Wear chemical-resistant gloves, face shield and chemical splash goggles, avoid all skin and inhalation contact
Ventilation: Isolate area and increase ventilation if possible
Spill Response: Absorb spill with dry sand or inert material, use non-sparking tools only, scoop material into a dry, sealable container
Decontamination: Wash non-metallic surfaces with plenty of water after initial absorption, do not allow runoff into sewers or waterways due to hydrochloric acid formation
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do so, avoid discharge into the environment, report uncontrolled releases to local authorities.
Handling: Use only in a chemical fume hood, minimize dust generation, avoid moisture contact, wash hands thoroughly after handling, do not eat, drink or smoke while working with this chemical
Storage: Store in tightly sealed containers away from water sources and in cool, dry, well-ventilated space, keep away from incompatible materials like strong bases, metals and oxidizing agents, label storage clearly and practice inventory control to avoid expired stock
Storage Conditions: Humidity control is crucial because product deliquesces, segregate from food and combustible materials.
Engineering Controls: Use fume hoods or exhaust ventilation where dust or mist may be generated, eyewash stations and safety showers should be nearby
Exposure Limits: Workplace exposure limits for aluminum chloride are not well defined; control dust to lowest available levels, ACGIH TLV for aluminum compounds insoluble: 1 mg/m3 (as Al)
Personal Protective Equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile, neoprene), full-length lab coats, face protection, impervious footwear, use of respiratory protection if ventilation is inadequate, do not rely solely on disposable dust masks
Hygiene Measures: Don and remove PPE in designated zones, avoid putting hands to face while handling, launder contaminated clothing before reuse.
Appearance: White to light yellow crystalline solid
Odor: Slightly pungent, acidic
pH (aqueous solution): Less than 2
Melting Point: 100 °C (decomposes and loses water)
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes before boiling)
Solubility: Highly soluble in water, exothermic reaction when dissolving, also soluble in ethanol
Density: About 2.44 g/cm3
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Molecular Weight: 241.43 g/mol
Other Data: Hygroscopic, forms acidic solutions.
Chemical Stability: Stable in sealed, moisture-free containers
Hazardous Reactions: Vigorous reaction with water or moist air, generates hydrochloric acid fumes
Incompatible Materials: Avoid strong bases, oxidizers, metals (releases hydrogen gas with some metals)
Decomposition Products: Releases hydrogen chloride and aluminum oxide upon strong heating
Conditions to Avoid: High humidity, elevated temperatures, contact with water or bases.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin or eye contact, ingestion
Acute Effects: Severe irritation and burns to skin, eyes and respiratory tract, can cause permanent tissue damage, inhalation harms airways, lung inflammation possible
Chronic Effects: Long-term or repeated exposure may result in dermatitis, respiratory sensitization or dental erosion
Toxicity Data: LD50 (oral, rat): ~3,800 mg/kg (for aluminum chloride anhydrous), data for hexahydrate is limited
Potential Health Hazards: Strong corrosive properties cause chemical burns, may cause systemic effects through skin or if swallowed.
Aquatic Toxicity: Toxic to aquatic life due to acidity and aluminum ions, alters water chemistry and damages aquatic organisms
Persistence and Degradability: Hydrolyzes in water, does not persist as the original compound
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low (Al ions do not accumulate significantly in higher organisms)
Mobility in Soil: High, particularly in wet conditions, reacts with soil components
Other Adverse Effects: Acidifies receiving waters, disrupts biological wastewater processing units
Precautions: Prevent discharge to sewers, drains, or environment without specialized treatment.
Waste Management: Dispose of spilled, unused, or contaminated material as hazardous chemical waste
Waste Disposal Methods: Contract with licensed hazardous waste disposal vendors, use chemical neutralization under supervision, never dispose via municipal sewers
Contaminated Packaging: Decontaminate before recycling or disposal, containers holding residues must be treated as hazardous
Regulations: Follow federal, regional, and local regulations for disposal.
UN Number: 3260
UN Proper Shipping Name: Corrosive solid, acidic, inorganic, n.o.s. (contains aluminum chloride hexahydrate)
Transport Hazard Class: 8 - Corrosives
Packing Group: II (medium hazard)
Label Required: Corrosive
Handling Directions: Protect packages from moisture, secure to prevent movement during transit, avoid stacking beyond manufacturer guidance
Transport Restrictions: Comply with local and international regulations on hazardous materials, ship only in approved containers.
OSHA Status: Classified as hazardous by OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
TSCA Inventory: Listed in the US Toxic Substances Control Act inventory
SARA Title III: Not regulated as a Section 302 Extremely Hazardous Substance, reportable under Section 313 for releases
WHMIS Classification (Canada): Class E, corrosive material
Regulatory Controls: Restricted for certain consumer uses, regulated as hazardous for workplace and environmental handling
Other Compliance: Subject to EU REACH, ADR, IMDG and IATA requirements for shipping and workplace safety obligations.
