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Product name: Acetaldehyde-Ethanol Solution (50%)
Synonyms: Ethanal-Ethanol mixture
Recommended use: Laboratory reagent, research, chemical processing
Supplier: [Company name and address]
Emergency contact: [Emergency phone number]
CAS numbers: Acetaldehyde: 75-07-0; Ethanol: 64-17-5
Classification: Flammable liquid, category 2; Acute toxicity, inhalation category 3; Carcinogenicity category 2; Specific target organ toxicity, single exposure category 1
Hazard statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor. Causes serious eye irritation. May cause respiratory irritation. Suspected of causing cancer (acetaldehyde component). Harmful if inhaled or swallowed. May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
Pictograms: Flame, exclamation mark, health hazard
Signal word: Danger
Precautionary statements: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames, hot surfaces. Ground bond container and receiving equipment. Use explosion-proof equipment. Use non-sparking tools. Wear protective gloves, eye protection, and suitable protective clothing. Avoid breathing vapors. Use only outdoors or in a well-ventilated area. Wash thoroughly after handling.
Acetaldehyde: 50% by weight, CAS: 75-07-0
Ethanol: 50% by weight, CAS: 64-17-5
Impurities: Trace water or denaturants possible per supplier specification
MixtureType: Homogeneous aqueous solution, colorless, sharp odor
Inhalation: Remove affected person to fresh air promptly. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. Seek immediate medical attention.
Skin contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with plenty of water. Wash exposed area with soap and water. Seek medical attention if irritation develops.
Eye contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing. Get prompt medical attention.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting unless instructed by medical personnel. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Seek immediate medical help.
Most important symptoms and effects: Respiratory distress, drowsiness, headache, nausea, eye and skin irritation, risk of unconsciousness if inhaled in large amount.
Suitable extinguishing media: Alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide. Avoid water spray directly on the fire.
Specific hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Containers may explode in heat or fire. Produces toxic gases (carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide) on combustion.
Special protective equipment: Firefighters must wear self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear.
Advice for firefighters: Remove containers from fire area if safe to do so. Use water spray to cool unopened containers exposed to heat. Prevent fire-fighting runoff from entering waterways.
Personal precautions: Evacuate area, ventilate space. Wear suitable protective equipment including gloves and eye protection. Remove all ignition sources.
Methods for containment: Stop leak if safe. Dike area to prevent spreading if possible.
Cleanup method: Use non-sparking tools to absorb with inert material (sand, vermiculite). Scoop into appropriate chemical waste container. Dispose according to local regulations.
Environmental precautions: Prevent entry into sewers, basements, waterways. Notify authorities if large spill occurs.
Handling: Handle in well-ventilated area away from ignition sources. Wear recommended protective equipment. Avoid breathing vapor and contact with skin or eyes. Use spark-proof equipment and grounded containers.
Storage: Keep container tightly closed in a cool, dry, well-ventilated location. Store away from incompatible materials such as strong oxidizers and acids. Use explosion-proof refrigeration for large quantities. Segregate from food and drink.
Other precautions: Keep out of reach of children. Do not smoke while handling this product. Clearly label storage containers.
Exposure limits: Acetaldehyde ACGIH TLV: 25 ppm TWA; Ethanol OSHA PEL: 1000 ppm TWA
Engineering controls: Install local exhaust ventilation. Use explosion-proof ventilation systems where appropriate. Ensure eyewash stations and emergency showers are easily accessible.
Personal protective equipment: Chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), safety goggles, laboratory coat, flame-resistant clothing for large-scale use. Use approved respiratory protection if ventilation inadequate.
Hygiene measures: Wash hands and face after handling. Remove contaminated clothing. Do not eat or drink in area where chemicals are used.
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid
Odor: Strong, pungent, fruity
pH: Not applicable
Melting point/freezing point: Below -40°C
Boiling point: Range 78–21°C
Flash point: <24°C (based on mixture)
Evaporation rate: Rapid (relative to ether = 1)
Flammability: Highly flammable
Vapor pressure: High (specific value depends on temperature and composition)
Vapor density: >1 (air = 1)
Relative density: ~0.85–0.90 g/cm3
Solubility: Miscible with water
Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water): Acetaldehyde: 0.43; Ethanol: -0.32
Auto-ignition temperature: ~180°C
Decomposition temperature: No data available
Viscosity: Low
Chemical stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions. Sensitive to light, air, and heat, resulting in possible polymerization and peroxide formation.
Reactivity: Reacts violently with strong oxidizers, acids, alkalis. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air.
Hazardous decomposition products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, organic acids.
Conditions to avoid: Heat, spark, open flames, sunlight, and sources of ignition.
Incompatible materials: Strong oxidizing agents, acids, alkali metals.
Routes of exposure: Inhalation, skin and eye contact, ingestion.
Acute toxicity: Acetaldehyde (LD50, oral, rat: 661 mg/kg). Ethanol (LD50, oral, rat: 7060 mg/kg).
Inhalation effects: May cause central nervous system depression (dizziness, drowsiness, headache, confusion). High vapor concentrations can cause respiratory distress or loss of consciousness.
Skin contact: Irritant, may cause redness and dryness.
Eye contact: Causes irritation, watering, redness.
Chronic effects: Repeated exposure to acetaldehyde may increase the risk of cancer. Ethanol abuse can cause liver, neurological, and developmental effects.
Sensitization: Not known to cause allergic reactions.
Aquatic toxicity: Harmful to aquatic life in high concentrations. Ethanol LC50 (fish, 96h): 14200 mg/L. Acetaldehyde LC50 (fish, 96h): 28 mg/L.
Persistence and degradability: Rapidly biodegradable in water and soil.
Bioaccumulative potential: Low for both components.
Mobility in soil: High mobility, volatile and soluble in water.
Other adverse effects: Large spills may cause damage to aquatic ecosystems due to oxygen depletion.
Waste treatment methods: Dispose through licensed chemical waste disposal contractor. Incineration recommended for large quantities under controlled conditions.
Container disposal: Triple rinse, then puncture and dispose as hazardous waste.
Other notes: Avoid discharge into drains, waterways. Comply with local, regional, and national regulations.
UN number: UN1170
UN proper shipping name: Ethanol solution (mixture, Acetaldehyde–Ethanol)
Transport hazard class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)
Packing group: II
Environmental hazards: Not classified as marine pollutant but releases should be avoided.
Special precautions: Use only DOT-approved containers. Label properly during transit. Keep away from open flames, sparks, and incompatible materials. Emergency response guide: 127.
EU regulations: Acetaldehyde classified as a substance of very high concern (SVHC). Ethanol regulated under REACH.
US regulations: Acetaldehyde listed as a hazardous air pollutant, subject to SARA Title III, RCRA, CERCLA. Ethanol approved for use but regulated for handling and transport.
TSCA (US): All components listed.
OSHA: Subject to flammable liquid standards. PPE and exposure limits required.
Canada: WHMIS classification: B2 (Flammable), D2A (Very toxic, carcinogen).
Other international: Check national inventories for compliance (Australia, Japan, Korea, China).
