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Product Name: Acacia Gum (Gum Arabic)
Chemical Family: Polysaccharide
Common Synonyms: Gum Arabic, Acacia Senegal Gum, E414
Recommended Uses: Food additive, binding and thickening agent, pharmaceutical excipient, printing, cosmetics
Supplier Identification: Available from specialty chemical distributors, food ingredient suppliers, and pharmaceutical manufacturers
Contact Information: Emergency contact phone numbers typically align with national poison control centers and supplier hotlines
CAS Number: 9000-01-5
GHS Classification: No classification as hazardous under GHS criteria
Label Elements: No pictogram or signal word required
Potential Hazards: May cause dust irritation to respiratory system or eyes; possible allergenic reaction in sensitive individuals
Primary Health Effects: Eye, skin, and respiratory irritation with excessive or prolonged exposure to airborne dust
Environmental Effects: Not regarded as hazardous to the environment under typical conditions of use
Emergency Overview: Tan-to-brown powder or granules, slight odor
Component: Acacia Gum
Chemical Formula: Variable, predominantly arabinogalactan polysaccharides
Concentration: 100% natural sap exudate from Acacia species trees, primarily Acacia senegal and Acacia seyal
CAS Number: 9000-01-5
Impurities: Trace minerals and plant-based components (protein, tannin, small organic acids)
Allergens: Rare but reported in individuals with related plant allergies
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air; seek medical attention if discomfort persists or severe symptoms occur
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed areas thoroughly with soap and water
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes; remove contact lenses if present and easy to do
Ingestion: Rinse mouth; never induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel; monitor for allergic reaction
Most Important Symptoms: Irritation of airways, eyes or skin in occupational exposure settings
Special Note for Medics: Treat symptomatically, provide supportive care if allergic reaction or excessive dust inhalation
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, foam, or water spray
Fire Hazards: Fine dust may form explosive mixtures with air
Special PPE: Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus and protective gear
Special Procedures: Cool nearby containers with water spray if exposed to fire; avoid dust clouds in confined spaces
Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, particulate smoke
Flash Point: Not applicable due to non-volatile nature, but dust ignition temperatures can be low
Explosion Data: Finely divided dust may pose explosion risk under specific conditions
Personal Precautions: Evacuate non-essential personnel, ventilate area, use dust mask and safety goggles
Spill Cleanup: Avoid formation of airborne dust; vacuum or sweep spilled material while wearing protective equipment; place in appropriate sealed container
Environmental Protection: Prevent release into drains and waterways; small amounts are biodegradable but can cause suspended solids in water systems
Disposal Methods: Coordinate with local regulations for non-hazardous organic materials; compost, land application, or landfill if permitted
Emergency Procedures: Minimize dust, secure area, prevent re-entry until cleanup complete
Handling: Handle using methods that reduce airborne dust such as closed systems or local exhaust ventilation
Storage Conditions: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated area, tightly sealed original packaging to prevent contamination and moisture uptake
Incompatible Substances: Avoid contact with strong oxidizers; acacia is stable with most routine materials
Other Advice: Keep away from sources of ignition or static discharge; always wash hands before eating, drinking, or smoking in work areas
Bulk Storage: Use food-grade, airtight containers or lined drums for prolonged storage to maintain quality and reduce spoilage risk
Occupational Exposure Limits: Not assigned a specific permissible limit, but nuisance dust limit typically applies (OSHA: 15 mg/m³ total, 5 mg/m³ respirable fraction)
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation or dust extraction; process enclosure where possible
Personal Protective Equipment: Approved dust mask or respirator, protective goggles, gloves, work clothing
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands and skin thoroughly after handling; remove contaminated clothing and launder before reuse
Special Sensitivity: Individuals with known sensitivity or respiratory conditions should avoid exposure to dust
Appearance: Light brown to white powder, granule, or spray-dried beads
Odor: Faint, characteristic
Odor Threshold: Not established
pH: Typically 4.5–5.5 (10% aqueous solution)
Melting Point: Decomposes before melting
Boiling Point: Not applicable (decomposes with strong heating)
Flash Point: Not determined for bulk; dust may ignite under specific conditions
Flammability: Combustible as dry powder
Flammability Limits: Dust explosion possible
Vapor Pressure: Not applicable
Bulk Density: Around 0.50–0.85 g/cm³
Solubility: Soluble in cold water, forms viscous colloidal solutions, insoluble in alcohol
Partition Coefficient: Not applicable
Viscosity: Variable (dependent on concentration in water)
Decomposition Temperature: Above 200°C with carbonization and production of smoke
Stability: Stable under intended storage and handling conditions
Reactivity: Not reactive in most environmental or workplace settings
Hazard Decomposition Products: Thermal decomposition generates carbon oxides and organic smoke
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizing agents
Hazardous Polymerization: Does not polymerize
Conditions to Avoid: High heat, open flame, ignition sources, high humidity which promotes clumping and microbial growth
Acute Toxicity: Considered non-toxic; oral LD50 (rat) exceeds 16,000 mg/kg
Chronic Exposure: No significant chronic or carcinogenic effects in well-controlled animal studies
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation of dust, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Irritation or Sensitization: Possible slight irritation to eyes, airways and skin with prolonged exposure; allergenic response rare, mostly in occupational settings
Mutagenicity: Extensive food and pharmaceutical use with no evidence of genetic risk
Symptoms of Exposure: Sneezing, coughing, rash, eye redness in sensitive individuals or with poor dust control
Medical Restrictions: Individuals with known gum or legume allergies may experience symptoms and should report prior sensitivity
Eco-Toxicity: Readily biodegradable in soil and water; non-toxic to aquatic plants and animals in typical concentrations
Mobility in Environment: Soluble in water, will settle out as organic sediment in high concentrations
Persistence and Degradability: Rapidly decomposed by microorganisms
Bioaccumulation Potential: Not expected
Aquatic Toxicity: LC50/EC50 far above natural environmental concentrations; classified as safe in food-grade applications
Other Environmental Concerns: Excessive solid material in water may temporarily increase turbidity, but does not persist or cause biohazard
Waste Disposal Methods: Subject to non-hazardous organic waste regulations; large amounts may go to compost, biomethanization, or authorized landfill
Contaminated Packaging: Clean containers can be recycled or disposed of in accordance with local requirements; incineration for heavily contaminated packaging
Precautions: Minimize dust generation during cleanup and disposal
Regulatory Requirements: Check local codes for commercial or bulk disposal
Storage Before Disposal: Keep waste in filled, sealed containers to avoid environmental exposure
UN Number: Not classified as a dangerous good
Transport Hazard Class: Not hazardous under transport regulations (ADR, IMDG, IATA)
Packing Group: Not applicable
Special Transport Precautions: Ship in well-sealed, moisture-proof packaging; avoid stacking loads above weight limits
Hazards: Take care to control dust during handling and unloading
Classification: Not scheduled or controlled under major chemical regulations (EU REACH, US TSCA, Canadian DSL, Australian AICS)
Food and Pharma Approval: Approved as GRAS (Generally Recognized as Safe) for food and pharma by US FDA, EFSA, JECFA
Labelling: No hazard label required; voluntary allergy or dust warning for bulk industrial packaging
SARA Section 313: Not subject to reporting
California Proposition 65: Not listed
Other Standards: Monographs available in national pharmacopoeias (USP, Ph. Eur.), Codex Alimentarius
