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Chemical Name: Abacavir Sulfate
Common Name: Abacavir
CAS Number: 188062-50-2
Physical Appearance: White to off-white crystalline powder
Usage: Used as an antiretroviral medication for HIV management
Odor: No distinctive smell that stands out during handling
Molecular Formula: C14H18N6O•H2SO4
Molecular Weight: Around 414.43 g/mol
GHS Classification: May cause an allergic reaction, especially in those with sensitivity to abacavir
Health Hazards: Risk of serious hypersensitivity reactions, including rash, fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, malaise
Sensitization: Exposed individuals might develop respiratory or skin responses
Acute Exposure: May bring headache, fatigue, and abdominal discomfort
Chronic Exposure: Exhibit signs related to immunologic response, including fever and sore throat
Environmental Hazard: Not expected to cause significant long-term adverse effects in aquatic environments, but best practice is to avoid environmental release
Active Component: Abacavir Sulfate
Concentration: Usually present as pure substance in pharmaceutical manufacturing
Impurities: Trace synthesis byproducts possible, not typically detailed in routine handling
Formulation Aids: Not relevant when working with raw chemical powder in labs or production
Inhalation: Move affected individual to fresh air promptly, monitor for respiratory symptoms
Skin Contact: Wash thoroughly with soap and water to remove all residue
Eye Contact: Rinse gently under running water for at least 10 minutes to ensure no residue remains
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, avoid induction of vomiting, seek medical attention for monitoring due to risk of hypersensitivity
General Advice: Provide symptomatic treatment, report any signs of allergic response to physician without delay
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide extinguishers as appropriate to surroundings
Specific Hazards: Combustion may bring toxic fumes such as nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides
Protective Equipment: Use self-contained breathing apparatus and full protective gear when tackling fire involving this material
Procedures: Remove containers from fire if safe, avoid inhaling smoke or fumes, ventilate area following fire control
Spill Response: Gather spilled material gently to minimize dust, use a HEPA-filter vacuum or dampen solids
Personal Precautions: Wear gloves, gown, mask, and eye protection; avoid skin and respiratory contact
Environmental Precautions: Stop spillage from entering water or soil, collect residues for safe disposal
Cleanup Methods: Place collected waste in appropriate containers for incineration or chemical disposal
Handling: Keep containers tightly sealed, use local exhaust ventilation when weighing or mixing
Hygiene: Wash hands after handling, keep work surfaces clean and dust-free
Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry place away from sunlight and incompatible substances
Segregation: Keep separate from food, drink, and incompatible chemicals like strong oxidizers
Engineering Controls: Operate in a chemical fume hood or with suitable local exhaust to reduce dust generation
Respiratory Protection: Wear a NIOSH-certified respirator in dusty environments
Skin Protection: Don chemical-resistant gloves and laboratory coat
Eye Protection: Use safety goggles when risk of splashes or dust exposure exists
Exposure Limits: No occupational exposure limits set by OSHA or ACGIH for abacavir sulfate specifically; workplace comfort and safe air quality guide actions
Appearance: Crystalline powder, white or nearly white
Melting Point: Data indicates decomposition rather than true melting
Solubility: Soluble in water, ethanol, and organic solvents
pH: Neutral to slightly acidic in aqueous solution
Odor: Minimal, not expected to be strong
Flash Point: Not easily combustible under standard conditions
Chemical Stability: Stable under standard laboratory and storage conditions
Reactivity: Does not react aggressively with common laboratory materials
Conditions to Avoid: Exposure to strong oxidizers and prolonged high temperatures
Decomposition Products: Sulfur oxides, carbon oxides, nitrogen oxides during cremation or thermal breakdown
Incompatibilities: Strong acids, bases, and oxidizing agents shorten shelf life or destabilize contents
Acute Toxicity: Known to induce severe allergic reactions in sensitive individuals, including risk of life-threatening anaphylaxis
Routes of Exposure: Ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact increase risk for hypersensitivity
Carcinogenicity: Not classified based on available testing and clinical data
Mutagenicity: Animal studies have not shown mutagenic effects in typical exposures
Reproductive Toxicity: Animal studies point to low reproductive risk, but caution recommended for pregnant workers due to limited human data
Target Organs: May impact immune system via hypersensitivity response
Aquatic Toxicity: Limited research exists, but abacavir sulfate shows low bioaccumulation and low toxicity in common aquatic species
Persistence and Degradability: May degrade slowly in natural waters; best to prevent bulk discharge
Mobility: Soluble in water, spreads if released, but environmental breakdown occurs over time
Ecotoxicity: Risk of significant environmental damage low, but discharge into groundwater or sewage should be prevented as a basic safeguard
Waste Disposal: Collect all waste including trace residues, dispose through commercial incineration or special chemical waste handling
Container Handling: Triple rinse empty containers, puncture or render unusable, and send to proper facility
Legal Requirements: Adhere strictly to local, state, and national environmental regulations for hazardous pharmaceutical waste
Precautions: Prevent access to domestic refuse or municipal water systems as a core measure to protect public health and the environment
UN Number: Not assigned for small-lot pharmaceutical transport
Proper Shipping Name: Not designated as dangerous for ground, air, or sea under current international rules
Packing Group: None mandated for this compound
Hazard Classification: Not considered hazardous for personal, laboratory, or small-scale shipments; always use standard chemical transport labeling
Special Precautions: Ensure packaging prevents leaks and accidental exposure during transit
U.S. EPA: Not listed as a hazardous substance or waste
OSHA: Treated as a laboratory chemical with standard handling requirements
IATA / IMO: Not regulated as a dangerous good across routine laboratory and small shipment scales
DEA Status: Not controlled
Pharmaceutical Legislation: Manufacture, prescription, and handling subject to the country’s prescription drug laws, including monitoring and reporting of adverse reactions as part of ongoing pharmacovigilance
Worker Safety: Employers expected to train personnel on risks, symptoms of exposure, and emergency procedures due to well-established allergic potential
