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Chemical Name: 9-Fluorenylmethyl chloroformate
Synonyms: FMOC-Cl, Fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride
CAS Number: 28920-43-6
Use: Peptide synthesis, amino acid protection
Supplier: Chemical or laboratory supply companies
Emergency Number: Provided by supplier
Hazard Classification: Acute toxicity (Oral, Inhalation), Skin and eye irritation, Respiratory sensitization
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: Harmful if inhaled or swallowed, causes serious eye damage, may cause respiratory irritation, skin sensitizer
Pictograms: Corrosive, Acute toxicity, Exclamation mark
Precautionary Statements: Avoid inhalation, wash thoroughly after handling, wear protective gear, avoid release to environment
Chemical Identity: 9-Fluorenylmethyl chloroformate
Concentration: 98-100% (typically available as pure solid)
Impurities: Small amounts of related fluorene derivatives, moisture sensitive decomposition byproducts
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for up to 20 minutes, remove contact lenses if present, seek immediate medical attention
Skin Contact: Wash with soap and water, remove contaminated clothing, seek medical help if irritation continues
Inhalation: Move to fresh air, keep person comfortable, seek medical attention if symptoms persist
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek immediate medical advice
Most Important Symptoms: Irritation, burning sensation, coughing, difficulty breathing
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam, water spray
Risks: Decomposes to produce toxic gases including HCl, phosgene possibility if high heat
Protective Equipment: Use self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing to protect against toxic fumes
Firefighting Instructions: Move containers from fire area, cool with water, use caution with run-off to prevent environmental contamination
Personal Protection: Use gloves, goggles, lab coat, avoid breathing dust or vapors
Spill Handling: Ventilate area, avoid contact with skin and eyes, clean up with absorbent material, place in suitable closed containers for disposal
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into waterways, drains, and soil
Decontamination: Wash surfaces with water and detergent after materials are collected
Handling: Work in well-ventilated space, avoid exposure to skin, eyes, and clothing, keep away from moisture and incompatible materials
Storage: Store tightly closed in cool, dry area, protect from light and humidity, keep away from bases, amines, and strong oxidizing agents
Storage Class: Flammable solids, corrosive substances
Incompatibilities: Water, strong bases, strong oxidizers, amines
Exposure Limits: No established occupational exposure limits
Engineering Controls: Use fume hood, ensure exhaust ventilation at workplaces
Personal Protective Equipment: Gloves (nitrile recommended), lab goggles, lab coat, respiratory protection for dust and vapor
Hygiene Measures: Do not eat, drink, or smoke during use; wash hands and face after handling
Environmental Exposure: Minimize release to environment, store wastes properly
Appearance: White to off-white crystalline solid
Odor: Pungent, chlorinated odor
Melting Point: 68-71 °C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Solubility: Slightly soluble in water, soluble in most organic solvents (acetonitrile, DCM)
Density: 1.34 g/cm³
Vapor Pressure: Not measured, likely low at room temp
pH: Not applicable to solid; aqueous solution will hydrolyze to acidic products
Partition Coefficient: Not determined
Chemical Stability: Decomposes in presence of moisture
Thermal Stability: Stable under recommended temperature and storage
Reactivity: Reacts rapidly with water to form fluorenylmethanol, carbon dioxide, and HCl
Hazardous Decomposition: Emits CO, CO₂, HCl vapors, phosgene possibility in fire
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, moisture, light, incompatibles listed above
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 for rats ~300 mg/kg (estimated)
Inhalation: Dust or vapors cause respiratory irritation, coughing, pain
Skin/Eye Irritation: Produces severe irritation and possible burns, especially eyes
Sensitization: May produce allergic skin or respiratory reactions
Chronic Effects: Not adequately studied, avoid repeated exposure
Carcinogenicity: Not listed as carcinogen by IARC, NTP, OSHA
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms, avoid environmental release
Persistence/Degradability: Hydrolyzes in water, breakdown products can still pose risks
Bioaccumulation: Not expected to significantly bioaccumulate
Mobility: Binds to soil, limited mobility, but runoff risk if unstable storage
Other hazards: Toxic byproducts possible after breakdown
Waste Disposal: Must be handled as hazardous chemical waste, use licensed disposal contractor
Container Disposal: Triple rinse and puncture, dispose according to local rules
Precautions: Do not empty into drains, avoid environmental release
Disposal Methods: Incineration preferred in equipped facilities, neutralization after hydrolysis
UN Number: UN 3261
Proper Shipping Name: Corrosive solid, acidic, organic, n.o.s. (contains 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate)
Transport Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive materials)
Packing Group: II
Labeling: Corrosive
Special Precautions: Avoid contact with moisture, secure packaging, emergency procedures for spill
TSCA: Listed
REACH: Registration required for manufacturing/import in EU above 1 tonne
OSHA: Considered hazardous
Other Regulations: Subject to chemical safety assessment, listed in national inventories
SARA Title III: Not classified as an extremely hazardous substance
State/Provincial Rules: Varies by jurisdiction
