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Chemical Name: 4-Aminophenol
Synonyms: p-Aminophenol, 4-Hydroxyaniline
CAS Number: 123-30-8
Molecular Formula: C6H7NO
Molecular Weight: 109.13 g/mol
Recommended Use: Dye manufacturing, photographic chemicals, pharmaceutical synthesis
Manufacturer Contact: Emergency phone number, address, and contact details of manufacturer or supplier
Classification: Acute Toxicity - Oral (Category 4), Skin Sensitization (Category 1), Eye Damage/Irritation (Category 2), Hazardous to Aquatic Environment (Category 3)
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Harmful if swallowed, causes skin irritation, causes serious eye irritation, may cause allergic skin reaction, toxic to aquatic life
Pictograms: Exclamation mark, health hazard, aquatic toxicity symbol
Precautionary Statements: Avoid breathing dust or vapor, wear protective gloves and eye/face protection, avoid release to environment, wash skin thoroughly after handling, do not eat, drink or smoke when using
Component: 4-Aminophenol
Concentration: 98-100%
Impurities: Trace organics from synthesis, minimal inorganic salts
Other Ingredients: No significant additives or stabilizers present in typical reagent grade
General Advice: Remove victim from exposure, keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing
Inhalation: Move to fresh air immediately, administer oxygen if breathing is difficult, seek immediate medical attention
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, rinse skin with running water for 20 minutes, get medical attention if symptoms develop
Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes holding eyelids apart, remove contact lenses, seek medical attention
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting unless told by medical personnel, seek medical help
Most Important Symptoms: Irritation, allergic reaction, possible methemoglobinemia leading to cyanosis and labored breathing, nausea, headache
Notes to Physician: Support vital functions, treat methemoglobinemia with methylene blue if needed
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, foam, carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Media: None known for this chemical
Specific Hazards: Decomposes upon strong heating to release toxic vapors such as nitrogen oxides and ammonia
Protective Equipment: Wear self-contained breathing apparatus, full protective gear
Special Procedures: Cool surrounding containers with water spray to prevent pressure buildup, avoid inhalation of decomposition products
Personal Precautions: Ventilate area, avoid inhalation and direct skin contact, wear suitable protective gear (gloves, goggles, lab coat, mask)
Environmental Precautions: Prevent further leakage or spillage if safe to do, do not let product enter drains or waterways, contain spill to smallest area possible
Methods for Cleaning Up: Sweep up and shovel spilled material, place in a suitable, tightly sealed container for disposal, clean area with water and detergent to remove residues
Secondary Precautions: Dispose of contaminated materials as hazardous waste, use non-sparking tools, avoid dust formation
Precautions for Safe Handling: Handle in well-ventilated area, use only with appropriate personal protection, avoid chemical contact with eyes, skin, and clothing, do not breathe dust or vapor, keep away from incompatible substances like strong oxidizers
Safe Storage Conditions: Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place away from direct sunlight, moisture, and ignition sources, keep container tightly closed, segregate from food and incompatible chemicals, label clearly
Recommended Packaging: Use amber glass or high-density polyethylene for bulk storage to prevent light degradation and contamination
Exposure Limits: ACGIH TLV: 0.1 mg/m³ (TWA), NIOSH REL: 0.1 mg/m³
Engineering Controls: Use chemical fume hood, local exhaust ventilation, prevent buildup of airborne dust
Personal Protective Equipment: Nitrile or neoprene gloves, chemical safety goggles, lab coats or aprons, approved respirator for dust or vapor as needed, wash hands after handling
Hygiene Measures: No eating, drinking or smoking in work area, wash thoroughly before breaks or after handling
Appearance: White to slightly off-white crystalline powder
Odor: Faint, characteristic, somewhat phenolic odor
Melting Point: 186-189°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling under atmospheric pressure
Solubility: Soluble in hot water, alcohol, ether
pH: 5.5-7.0 (1% solution in water)
Vapor Pressure: Negligible at room temperature
Density: 1.293 g/cm³
Other Properties: May darken on exposure to air, sensitive to light
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage conditions, reactive with strong oxidizing agents, acids, and bases
Incompatibilities: Strong oxidizers, acid chlorides, anhydrides, bases
Decomposition Products: Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, ammonia fumes
Hazardous Polymerization: Does not occur under normal handling
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, flame, moisture, direct sunlight, strong oxidizing environments
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 375 mg/kg; Inhalation LC50 (rat): Not established; Dermal LD50 (rabbit): Not established
Skin Irritation: May cause redness, rash, allergic contact dermatitis
Eye Irritation: Risk of eye damage, redness, watering, blurred vision
Sensitization: Reports of allergic reactions with repeated skin exposures
Chronic Exposure: Potential for methemoglobinemia and damage to liver, blood, kidneys after prolonged or repeated exposure, symptoms include headache, dizziness, bluish skin color
Routes of Exposure: Ingestion, inhalation, skin and eye contact
Carcinogenicity: Not listed by IARC, NTP, or OSHA as a known carcinogen
Aquatic Toxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment
Persistence and Degradability: Slow biodegradation, moderate persistence in soil and water
Bioaccumulation: Low bioaccumulation potential in aquatic species, significant amounts may enter water bodies from industrial discharge
Mobility in Soil: Medium to low mobility; may adsorb to soil particles; potential to contaminate ground or surface water if not managed
Other Effects: Toxicity increases at lower pH; can cause stress and death to aquatic invertebrates and some fish
Waste Disposal Methods: Dispose of material in a facility permitted to handle hazardous chemical waste; do not discharge into sewers, surface or ground waters; small amounts may be incinerated in accordance with local, regional, and national legislation
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse containers thoroughly before disposal, dispose in licensed landfill or incinerator, do not reuse empty containers for other purposes
Additional Precautions: Avoid dispersal of spilled material and runoff, minimize exposure to environment, contact licensed waste disposal contractor for bulk disposal
UN Number: 2512
UN Proper Shipping Name: 4-Aminophenol
Transport Hazard Class: 6.1 (Toxic Substances)
Packing Group: III
Marine Pollutant: No
Special Transport Notes: Secure tightly, avoid releases during transport, clearly label containers, check compatibility with other loads, comply with all international and regional transport regulations
U.S. Regulations: Listed on TSCA inventory; SARA 313: Subject to reporting requirements as a toxic chemical; OSHA: Hazardous chemical as defined by Hazard Communication Standard
EU Regulations: Classified as hazardous under REACH and CLP, compliance with safety data sheet regulations required
Other Global Regulations: Registered and regulated in Canada (WHMIS D2B), Australia (AICS), Japan (ENCS); specific workplace and environmental controls required by local health and safety authorities
Labeling Requirements: Warning, hazard pictograms, recommended safety precautions, emergency contact numbers, and first aid instructions
