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Chemical Name: 2-Pentanol
CAS Number: 6032-29-7
Molecular Formula: C5H12O
Synonyms: sec-Amyl alcohol, 2-Hydroxypentane
Recommended Use: Solvent, chemical intermediate, laboratory chemical
Supplier Information: Commonly distributed by chemical supply companies; always confirm contact details with original container label
Emergency Contact: Refer to CHEMTREC or local emergency numbers for hazardous chemical incidents involving 2-Pentanol
GHS Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3), Acute toxicity oral (Category 4), Eye irritation (Category 2A), Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure (Category 3)
Label Elements: Pictogram (flame, exclamation mark), Signal word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Flammable liquid and vapor; Harmful if swallowed; Causes serious eye irritation; May cause drowsiness or dizziness
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from ignition sources; Use explosion-proof equipment; Avoid inhalation, ingestion, and contact with skin and eyes; Employ protective equipment at all times
Physical Hazards: Vapor/air mixtures can ignite easily and flame may flash back
Health Hazards: May affect central nervous system, lead to headache, nausea, or respiratory irritation
Chemical Identity: 2-Pentanol, purity >98%
Ingredient: 2-Pentanol
EC Number: 227-989-3
Impurities: Trace quantities of isomeric alcohols or water may appear; refer to analytical specification from supplier
Additives: None added for standard laboratory and industrial supply
Ingestion: Rinse mouth thoroughly with water, never induce vomiting, seek medical advice right away
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, keep comfortable for breathing, call medical services if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash area with soap and water for at least 15 minutes, seek medical attention for persistent discomfort
Eye Contact: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes, remove contact lenses if present and easy, continue rinsing, consult physician
Signs and Symptoms: Dizziness, headache, nausea, possible respiratory irritation, eye redness or pain
Advice For Medical Professionals: Treat symptomatically and provide supportive care
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Use water spray, foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: Do not apply direct water streams that may spread burning liquid
Fire Hazards: Vapors heavier than air, can travel along ground and reach distant ignition sources
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters must wear self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical-resistant clothing
Hazardous Combustion Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, other irritant gases
Advice: Cool exposed containers with water spray to prevent pressure build-up or explosion
Personal Precautions: Remove ignition sources, ventilate area, keep unprotected persons away
Environmental Precautions: Avoid release into soil, drains, or water courses
Methods For Clean-up: Contain spill with non-combustible absorbent (sand, earth, vermiculite), collect in closed, suitable containers for legal disposal
Special Considerations: Use non-sparking tools, ensure worn personal protective equipment provides splash and vapor protection
Safe Handling: Work in well-ventilated areas, ground/bond containers during liquid transfer, minimize vapor formation
Advice on General Occupational Hygiene: Wash hands after use, never eat, drink, or smoke while handling
Storage Conditions: Store in cool, dry, well-ventilated facilities away from oxidizing agents, ignition sources, and sunlight
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers, acids, bases, and moisture-sensitive substances
Container Requirements: Use tightly sealed, chemical-resistant containers, label clearly
Exposure Limits: Consult local/national occupational exposure limits; typically, TLV: 100 ppm (ACGIH recommended guideline for similar secondary alcohols)
Engineering Controls: Employ local exhaust ventilation; use explosion-proof electrical equipment
Personal Protective Equipment: Wear chemical safety goggles, gloves resistant to alcohols, lab coat or apron, use appropriate respiratory protection if vapor concentration exceeds limits
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before breaks and at end of day, launder contaminated clothing
Appearance: Colorless liquid
Odor: Mild alcohol, sweet
Odor Threshold: Not readily quantified; alcoholic odor apparent at low levels
pH: Not applicable (neat substance)
Melting Point/Freezing Point: -48°C
Boiling Point: 118°C
Flash Point: 32°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: Moderate (relative to n-butyl acetate)
Flammability: Flammable
Upper/Lower Explosive Limits: 1.1% (lower), 8.0% (upper)
Vapor Pressure: 7.7 mmHg at 20°C
Vapor Density: 2.5 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 0.81 (water = 1)
Solubility: Miscible with alcohols, ethers; limited miscibility with water
Partition Coefficient (n-octanol/water): 1.2
Auto-ignition Temperature: 385°C
Decomposition Temperature: Data not available
Viscosity: Low viscosity liquid
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions
Reactivity: Reacts with strong oxidizing agents
Potential Hazardous Reactions: May form explosive mixtures with air; incompatible with nitrites and heat
Conditions to Avoid: Heat, sparks, flame, static discharge
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers (peroxides, nitrates), acids, metals, reducing agents
Hazardous Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, toxic fumes
Polymerization: Not expected under normal conditions
Acute Toxicity: Oral LD50 (rat): 1900 mg/kg; Inhalation LC50 (rat): Not determined; may cause irritation and CNS effects
Skin Corrosion/Irritation: May cause mild skin irritation
Eye Damages/Irritation: Definite eye irritation
Sensitization: No evidence of sensitization among routine exposures
Mutagenicity: No evidence under typical workplace conditions
Carcinogenicity: No data indicating potential carcinogenicity from regulatory agencies
Specific Target Organ Toxicity: Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, and central nervous system depression possible
Other Data: Prolonged exposure may aggravate pre-existing health issues involving respiratory system or skin
Toxicity to Aquatic Life: 2-Pentanol displays moderate toxicity to fish and aquatic invertebrates at high exposures
Persistence and Degradability: Significant biodegradability under aerobic conditions; generally broken down by environmental bacteria
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low potential for accumulation in aquatic organisms; log Kow indicates limited risk
Mobility in Soil: Moderately mobile; can leach if accidently released
Other Hazards: Volatile organic compound (VOC); potential contributor to photochemical smog
Waste Treatment Methods: Small quantities can be absorbed for incineration or specialized chemical disposal that meets local regulations
Uncontaminated Product: Recycle or reclaim if possible, contact licensed waste disposal contractor
Contaminated Packaging: Rinse thoroughly, then dispose of in accordance with local hazardous waste rules
Precautions: Never discharge into drains, waterways, or on ground
UN Number: UN 1105
Proper Shipping Name: Pentanols, n.o.s. (2-Pentanol)
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquids)
Packing Group: III
Marine Pollutant: No
Special Precautions: Comply with all transport regulations for hazardous flammable liquids, keep away from heat and ignition sources during transit
OSHA Status: Regulated as a hazardous chemical under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard
TSCA: Listed by the US Toxic Substances Control Act
EU Regulations: Classified for supply and use (Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008)
WHMIS (Canada): Flammable liquid, toxic by ingestion
SARA Title III: Subject to reporting requirements for hazardous chemicals
Other Listings: Subject to various international chemical inventories; consult specific regional requirements
