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Chemical Name: 2-Methyl-2-butene
Synonyms: Isoamylene, 2-methylbut-2-ene
Molecular Formula: C5H10
Appearance: Clear, colorless liquid with a distinct, gasoline-like odor
Common Uses: Intermediate in organic synthesis, fuel additive, production of antioxidants and other chemicals
Boiling Point: 38°C
CAS Number: 513-35-9
GHS Classification: Highly flammable liquid and vapor
Hazard Pictograms: Flame
Signal Word: Danger
Hazard Statements: May cause drowsiness or dizziness; can form explosive mixtures with air; contact may cause mild irritation to eyes and skin; inhaling high concentrations causes central nervous system depression
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from open flames, hot surfaces, and sparks; use only outdoors or in well-ventilated settings; avoid breathing vapors; store in tightly closed containers away from incompatible substances
2-Methyl-2-butene: 95% or higher by weight (pure form for industrial use)
Related Hydrocarbons: Trace amounts may exist due to commercial preparation and storage
Impurities: Possible minor content of other pentenes, not generally specified but always a factor in bulk chemistry environments
Inhalation: Remove person to fresh air and keep comfortable; seek medical help if symptoms worsen such as coughing, headache, or difficulty breathing
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse skin with plenty of water; wash thoroughly with soap if irritation develops
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes immediately with water for several minutes; lift eyelids to ensure thorough flushing; get medical attention if discomfort persists
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting, seek medical care for larger exposures; risk mostly relates to aspiration and chemical pneumonia, not toxicity by digestion
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Dry chemical, foam, or carbon dioxide works best; avoid using water streams that might spread the burning liquid
Specific Hazards Arising from Chemical: Vapors can travel to distant ignition sources and flash back; combustion generates fumes including carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
Special Protective Equipment: Firefighters need self-contained breathing apparatus and chemical-resistant clothing; evacuating the area reduces risk since exposure to toxic gases and explosions is a real possibility
Personal Precautions: Eliminate sources of ignition; ventilate the spill area; wear chemical splash goggles and gloves
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains or water systems; volatile emissions can contaminate the air and water
Cleanup Methods: Control and collect spillage with non-sparking tools and inert absorbent material like sand, then place in containers for disposal; wash residue with water if safe to do so but avoid sparking electrical tools
Handling Recommendations: Work in well-ventilated places only, use appropriate chemical-resistant gloves and eye protection; grounding and bonding containers and transfer equipment cuts static electricity risks during movement
Safe Storage: Store in tightly closed metal containers, in cool, dry, ventilated spaces, away from oxidizers, acids, or anything that could start a fire; proper labeling guards against accidental misuse; keeping large stocks in dedicated storage sheds instead of open shop floors limits big-leak nightmare scenarios
Control Parameters: No widely recognized exposure limit set for 2-Methyl-2-butene but similar hydrocarbons often align with ACGIH TLV of 500 ppm; never rely on guessed limits—always measure real workplace vapor levels
Engineering Controls: Local exhaust ventilation at points of use; continuous atmospheric monitoring in spaces where vapor buildup could occur
Personal Protective Gear: Butyl rubber or nitrile gloves protect hands; splash goggles and face shields protect eyes and face; flame-resistant clothing suits workers dealing with drums or process lines; a respirator for short-term, high-exposure work when engineering controls alone aren't enough
Appearance: Transparent liquid with a sharp, fuel-like odor
Boiling Point: Around 38°C
Melting Point: Approximately -140°C
Density: Approximately 0.66 g/cm³ at 20°C
Vapor Pressure: Roughly 350 mm Hg at 20°C; evaporates extremely fast at ambient temperature
Solubility: Not soluble in water; mixes with organic solvents
Flash Point: -15°C; lower than many other industrial hydrocarbons, so fire risk comes high on the list of concerns
Stability: Stable under most recommended storage and use conditions; tends to polymerize slowly when exposed to air
Reactive Hazards: Reacts strongly with oxidizing agents such as peroxides and nitric acid; forms explosive mixtures with air at concentrations as low as two percent by volume
Decomposition Products: Heating or burning will release toxic vapors, mostly carbon monoxide, and potentially small amounts of formaldehyde or other irritating gases under incomplete combustion
Acute Health Effects: Breathing high concentrations causes headaches, dizziness, and even unconsciousness; skin contact causes minor dryness or redness
Skin Sensitization: Not known as a major allergen, but irritation risk ties closely to both time and exposure frequency
Chronic Exposure: Long-term health effects remain poorly documented for isolated 2-Methyl-2-butene; lessons from close relatives suggest lungs, nerves, and skin take the brunt of abuse from routine uncontrolled exposure
Carcinogenic Status: Not listed as a carcinogen by major agencies but keep exposures low by standard occupational hygiene since solvents in this class can carry indirect risks
Environmental Behavior: Evaporates quickly if spilled; vapor spreads easily, raising both air quality and neighborhood fire concerns
Toxicity: Low acute toxicity for aquatic life, yet persistent releases kill vegetation and harm aquatic organisms primarily by suffocation and oxygen depletion
Persistence and Degradability: Relatively rapid breakdown in air but less so in soil or groundwater; persistent hydrocarbon residues still build up in certain ecosystems over time
Methods: Treat as hazardous waste; incineration in approved facilities works best; avoid pouring down drains or evaporating large quantities outdoors
Packing: Keep waste in sealed, marked drums, not in plastic buckets or open bins that can tip or leak
Transport Hazard Class: Flammable liquids, main risk from spilled cargo or ruptured drums in storage or transit
Packing Group: II (transport regulation classifies this as substantially hazardous if released)
Labeling: Clear DOT or UN flammable liquid stickers; loading and unloading from tank cars or trucks should avoid heat, static, smoking, and ignition sources
Classification: Most national agencies list as hazardous based on flammability and vapor toxicity
Right-to-Know Laws: Workers deserve routine access to safety controls; workplaces should post up-to-date chemical inventories and emergency measures close to usage points
Community Protection: Emergency planning boils down to fire department coordination and locked storage sheds away from housing or food preparation zones
