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Product Name: 2-Butanol (Anhydrous 99.5%)
Chemical Formula: C4H10O
Synonyms: sec-Butanol, sec-Butyl alcohol, Methyl ethyl carbinol
CAS Number: 78-92-2
UN Number: 1120
EC Number: 201-158-5
Recommended Use: Laboratory chemicals, industrial applications, manufacturing solvent
Supplier Identification: Name, address, telephone number of supplier or distributor required on label
Emergency Contact: Local Poison Control, CHEMTREC, company emergency telephone number
Hazard Classification: Flammable liquid (Category 3), Acute toxicity—oral (Category 4), Eye irritation (Category 2A), Specific target organ toxicity—single exposure (Category 3, central nervous system)
Label Elements: Pictograms (Flame, Exclamation mark)
Signal Word: Warning
Hazard Statements: Highly flammable liquid and vapor. Harmful if swallowed. Causes serious eye irritation. May cause drowsiness or dizziness.
Precautionary Statements: Keep away from heat, sparks, open flames. No smoking. Use explosion-proof equipment. Avoid breathing vapor or mist. Wear protective gloves, clothing, and eye protection. Wash hands after handling. Store in a well-ventilated place.
Other Hazards: Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. May cause skin and respiratory irritation.
Chemical Name: 2-Butanol
Concentration: ≥99.5%
Impurities/Additives: Trace quantities of water or other alcohols possible
CAS Number: 78-92-2
Molecular Weight: 74.12 g/mol
EINECS/ELINCS Number: 201-158-5
Inhalation: Move victim to fresh air, keep comfortable for breathing. Give oxygen if breathing is difficult. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water. Seek medical attention if irritation develops.
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present. Continue rinsing. Obtain medical attention for persistent symptoms.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth. Do not induce vomiting. Give water to drink only if conscious. Seek medical attention immediately.
Most Important Symptoms/Effects: Drowsiness, dizziness, headache, irritation of respiratory tract, nausea.
Note to Physician: Treat symptomatically and supportively. Monitor for respiratory depression and CNS effects. Consider gastric lavage and activated charcoal for large ingestions.
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Carbon dioxide, dry chemical powder, alcohol-resistant foam. Water mist can cool containers but may not extinguish fire.
Unsuitable Media: Do not use water jet directly on burning liquid.
Specific Hazards: Vapors are heavier than air and may spread along floors, forming explosive mixtures. Combustion releases carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should wear self-contained breathing apparatus, flame-resistant clothing, and avoid inhaling vapors.
Advice for Firefighters: Evacuate area. Remove containers from fire if safe. Use water spray to cool tanks and prevent explosive rupture. Prevent fire-fighting water runoff from entering drains, sewers, waterways.
Personal Precautions: Remove ignition sources. Ventilate the area. Evacuate unnecessary personnel. Wear gloves, goggles, and chemically resistant apron.
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into sewers, surface waters, groundwater. Notify authorities if large spills cannot be contained.
Containment / Cleanup: Absorb spill with inert material such as sand or vermiculite, and place in chemical waste container. Clean area with water and detergent. Use non-sparking tools. Dispose according to regulations.
Special Requirements: Isolate spill area. Avoid inhalation of vapors and skin contact.
Safe Handling: Use in a well-ventilated area. Keep away from heat, hot surfaces, sparks, open flames. Use spark-proof tools. Ground all equipment during transfer. Avoid breathing vapors. Do not eat, drink, or smoke during use.
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed container, in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place, away from incompatible materials such as oxidizers and acids. Keep away from direct sunlight, heat sources.
Transfer Requirements: Use only non-sparking tools and grounded transfer lines. Drums and containers should remain sealed except during use.
Occupational Exposure Limits: OSHA PEL: 100 ppm (300 mg/m³), ACGIH TLV: 100 ppm (303 mg/m³) TWA
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation or process enclosure to keep airborne levels below limits. Handle in closed system where possible.
Personal Protective Equipment: Safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves (nitrile or neoprene), impervious clothing, flame-resistant lab coat.
Respiratory Protection: Use NIOSH-approved respirator if exposure limits are exceeded or ventilation inadequate.
Hygiene Measures: Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
Environmental Controls: Minimize release to the environment. Use appropriate waste disposal containers.
Appearance: Colorless, transparent liquid
Odor: Characteristic alcohol odor
Odor Threshold: 0.25–2.5 ppm
pH: Not applicable (neutral material)
Melting Point/Freezing Point: -115°C
Boiling Point: 100°C
Flash Point: 24°C (closed cup)
Evaporation Rate: 0.7 (n-Butyl acetate = 1)
Flammability: Highly flammable liquid
Upper/Lower Explosion Limits: 2.4% / 12% (V)
Vapor Pressure: 16 mm Hg @ 20°C
Vapor Density: 2.6 (air = 1)
Relative Density: 0.81–0.82 g/cm³
Solubility: Miscible with water, alcohols, and most organic solvents
Partition Coefficient (log Kow): 0.61
Autoignition Temperature: 406°C
Decomposition Temperature: Not determined
Viscosity: 3.16 mPa·s at 20°C
Chemical Stability: Stable under recommended storage and handling conditions.
Reactivity: Reactive with oxidizing agents, acids, some halogens. Can form peroxides on prolonged exposure to air and light.
Incompatible Materials: Strong oxidizers such as chromate, permanganate, nitric acid, strong acids, aluminum. Can attack plastics and rubber.
Decomposition Products: Carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, possible toxic fumes.
Hazardous Polymerization: Does not undergo hazardous polymerization under normal conditions.
Other Hazards: Vapors may travel and ignite from distant source.
Acute Toxicity: LD50 (Oral, rat): 2190 mg/kg, LD50 (Dermal, rabbit): >2000 mg/kg, LC50 (Inhalation, rat): 8,000 ppm/4h
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Health Effects: Headache, nausea, drowsiness, irritation to eyes and respiratory tract, central nervous system depression with high exposure. Large ingestions may cause metabolic acidosis and kidney damage.
Chronic Exposure: Prolonged skin contact may cause dermatitis. Chronic inhalation may affect liver and kidneys.
Carcinogenicity: Not classified as a human carcinogen
Mutagenicity: No data indicating mutagenic effects
Reproductive Toxicity: No evidence of reproductive toxicity at normal exposures
Other Information: Alcohols can aggravate pre-existing liver or kidney disorders.
Ecotoxicity: Harmful to aquatic organisms. LC50 (Fish, 96h): 3,670 mg/L (Pimephales promelas), EC50 (Daphnia, 48h): 4,550 mg/L
Persistence and Degradability: Readily biodegradable in environment. Will not persist under normal conditions.
Bioaccumulation: Low potential for bioaccumulation (log Kow = 0.61).
Mobility in Soil: Mobile, may leach to groundwater if released. Soluble in water increases mobility.
Other Adverse Effects: High concentrations can deplete oxygen in water, threatening aquatic life. Avoid large scale discharge.
Waste Treatment Methods: Handle and dispose in accordance with local, regional, national, and international regulations. May be disposed through incineration at approved facility.
Hazardous Waste Number: D001 (US EPA hazardous waste, ignitable waste)
Contaminated Packaging: Contaminated containers should be emptied completely and disposed of as hazardous waste. Rinse with suitable solvent, collect rinse as hazardous waste.
Precautions: Do not discharge to sewer system or waterways. Contact authorized waste disposal contractor.
UN Number: 1120
Proper Shipping Name: Butanols
Transport Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable liquids)
Packing Group: II
Labels: Flammable liquid (Class 3 symbol required on packages)
Marine Pollutant: Not listed as a marine pollutant
Special Provisions: Avoid transport with food and feed. Protect from heat and open flames during transport. Emergency Response Guide No.: 129
OSHA: Flammable liquid under OSHA Hazard Communication Standard. Listed in 29 CFR 1910.1200.
TSCA: Listed on US Toxic Substances Control Act Inventory.
SARA Title III: SARA 313 - Not subject; SARA 302 and SARA 304 - Not subject.
California Proposition 65: Not listed
EU Classification: Flammable, Harmful (67/548/EEC); GHS: Flam. Liq. 3, Acute Tox. 4, Eye Irrit. 2A, STOT SE 3.
Canada: WHMIS Classification - B2 (Flammable liquid), D2B (Toxic material causing other toxic effects)
Other Regulation: Subject to ADR/RID, IMDG, ICAO/IATA transport rules.
National and Local Regulations: Ensure compliance with specific local or country regulations concerning use, handling, storage, and disposal.
