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Chemical Name: 2-Aminophenol
Common Names: o-Aminophenol, 2-Hydroxyaniline
Appearance: White to grayish crystals or powder, may darken with air or age
Odor: Faint, not particularly pungent
CAS Number: 95-55-6
Primary Uses: Dye intermediates, photographic chemicals, hair coloring agents, rubber chemicals
Molecular Formula: C6H7NO
Acute Health Hazards: Eye irritation, skin irritation, harmful if swallowed, respiratory tract irritation
Chronic Health Hazards: Possible risk of sensitization, may affect liver and kidneys on prolonged exposure
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, ingestion, skin and eye contact
Hazard Symbols: Xn (Harmful), Xi (Irritant)
Precautionary Statements: Avoid inhaling dust, minimize dust and vapor formation, prevent direct contact with skin and eyes
Risk Phrases: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin; possible allergic reactions after repeated exposure
Main Ingredient: 2-Aminophenol (concentration: often above 98%)
Impurities: Trace organic contaminants possible depending on manufacturing process
Toxic Components: Unreacted aniline compounds or degradation products when improperly stored
Inhalation: Move person to fresh air, keep at rest, seek medical attention if symptoms persist
Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing, wash area thoroughly with soap and water, get help if irritation lasts
Eye Contact: Rinse immediately with plenty of water, hold eyelids open, continue for at least 10-15 minutes, consult a physician
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not induce vomiting unless told by medical personnel, seek immediate medical help
Symptoms to Watch For: Redness, itching, wheezing, headache, nausea
Suitable Extinguishing Media: Water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, foam
Unsuitable Extinguishing Media: No known incompatible extinguishing agents in common practice
Specific Hazards: Emits toxic fumes under fire conditions such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide
Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus
Advice: Cool containers exposed to flames, avoid runoff entering water systems, keep upwind during response
Personal Precautions: Wear appropriate protective gear including gloves, goggles, dust mask
Environmental Precautions: Prevent entry into drains, soil, and waterways
Cleanup Methods: Sweep up spilled powder carefully, avoid creating dust cloud, place in a suitable container for disposal, ventilate area after clean-up
Decontamination: Wash the spill site after material pick-up
Handling: Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing, use local exhaust or process enclosure to capture dust at the source, do not breathe dust
Hygiene Measures: Wash hands before eating, drinking, or smoking, remove contaminated clothing before entering public areas
Storage Conditions: Store in tightly closed containers, keep in a dry, cool, well-ventilated spot, protect from incompatible substances like oxidizers
Incompatibles: Strong oxidizing agents, acids, bases
Engineering Controls: Use local exhaust ventilation to reduce dust formation, ensure workplace air stays below relevant occupational exposure limits
Personal Protection: Safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, lab coat or apron, dust mask or respirator where necessary
Workplace Controls: Regular air monitoring, access to eyewash stations and safety showers
Exposure Limits: No specific limits widely established, so minimize exposure as much as possible under general chemical safety guidance
Form: Solid crystalline powder
Color: White to gray or brown if aged
Solubility: Soluble in hot water, slightly soluble in cold water, soluble in alcohol
Melting Point: 174-176°C
Boiling Point: Decomposes before boiling
Vapor Pressure: Very low at room temperature
Odor Threshold: Not well established
pH: Slightly basic in water solution
Flash Point: Estimated above 140°C (closed cup method)
Relative Density: Around 1.2 g/cm³
Chemical Stability: Stable under normal temperatures and pressures, darkens on exposure to air or light due to slow oxidation
Hazardous Reactions: May react with strong oxidizers, acids, and bases causing fire or release of hazardous gases
Decomposition Products: Toxic fumes such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide during combustion or overheating
Acute Toxicity: Harmful if swallowed or inhaled; estimates show LD50 in rats roughly 800 mg/kg (oral)
Skin Effects: May cause irritation or allergic reaction on prolonged or repeated contact
Eye Effects: Causes irritation and redness
Inhalation Effects: Breathing dust can irritate the upper respiratory tract
Chronic Effects: Liver and kidney impacts suggested in some laboratory animal studies
Mutagenicity/Carcinogenicity: None established for humans based on available research
Sensitization: Documented in some case studies of occupational exposures
Aquatic Toxicity: Toxic to fish and aquatic invertebrates at moderate concentrations
Persistence and Degradability: May degrade slowly in the environment, especially under low-oxygen conditions
Bioaccumulation Potential: Low, based on measured log Kow values
Mobility in Soil: Likely to leach through soil under certain conditions
Effects on Microorganisms: Can inhibit microbial activity at elevated levels
Waste Handling: Collect material in appropriate, labeled containers and avoid creating dust
Regulatory Guidance: Dispose of according to national and local regulations for hazardous chemical waste
Incineration: Preferred method by licensed, permitted facility
Precaution: Do not pour into drains or mix with non-hazardous waste streams
Shipping Name: 2-Aminophenol, may also be listed as o-Aminophenol
Hazard Class: Not classified as a dangerous good by many regulatory agencies for transport, but best practice suggests using chemical transport protocols
Packing Group: Not commonly assigned
Labeling: Ensure containers are labeled accurately, and transport with compatible materials
Spill Response: In case of spill during transit, use proper personal protection and follow emergency guidance
TSCA Status (USA): Listed on inventory
REACH (EU): Tonnage and substance identity must be registered by manufacturers or importers within European Union
Workplace Safety: Included in many workplace chemical safety ordinances
Labelling Requirements: Hazard and precautionary statements required per GHS in most regions
Special Precautions: Follow local, regional, and international guidelines around handling, exposure, and reporting of chemical incidents involving 2-Aminophenol
