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Chemical Name: 1,4-Dichlorobenzene
Common Names: Para-Dichlorobenzene, PDCB
Chemical Formula: C6H4Cl2
Appearance: White crystalline solid, sharp mothball-like odor
Uses: Deodorizer for toilets and garbage cans, moth repellent, chemical intermediate in industry
Health Risks: Breathing in dust or vapors irritates nose, throat, and lungs, may cause headaches and dizziness. Extended exposure can damage liver and kidneys. Skin contact prompts rashes in sensitive people. Swallowing causes abdominal discomfort, nausea, or even nervous system effects.
Flammability: Burns under certain conditions, releasing toxic fumes like hydrogen chloride and dioxins.
Environmental Danger: Toxic to aquatic animals, not easily broken down in nature.
Component: 1,4-Dichlorobenzene – often pure or with minor trace impurities
Concentration: Over 99% in consumer and industrial applications
CAS Number: 106-46-7
Inhalation: Move affected person to fresh air immediately, monitor breathing, seek medical help if symptoms appear.
Skin Contact: Wash skin with soap and water, remove contaminated clothing, medical attention if irritation persists.
Eye Contact: Rinse eyes gently with clean water for at least 15 minutes and see a doctor.
Ingestion: Rinse mouth, do not force vomiting, call for professional medical advice quickly.
Extinguishing Media: Water spray, foam, dry chemical, carbon dioxide
Risks: Heated containers may burst, burning creates hazardous gases
Personal Protective Equipment: Firefighters should use self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing
Additional Advice: Prevent runoff water from entering waterways, work in well-ventilated areas, alert defenders to possible toxic fumes.
Personal Protection: Wear gloves, goggles, and proper respiratory protection
Containment: Prevent material from spreading across floors or into water drains
Clean Up: Gather solid product with non-sparking tools, store in labeled containers for disposal
Ventilation: Ensure good airflow to limit vapor build-up
Environmental Care: Avoid washing chemicals down drains since even small amounts can be harmful to wildlife.
Safe Handling: Minimize dust and vapor, use chemicals only in properly ventilated settings, avoid skin and eye contact.
Storage Requirements: Keep in tightly sealed containers, away from heat or flame, store alongside compatible chemicals only.
Personal Habits: Wash hands after handling. Never eat, drink, or smoke near this chemical.
Airborne Limits: Long term exposure limit in workplaces: 10 ppm (OSHA, ACGIH)
Personal Protective Equipment: Use chemical-resistant gloves, safety goggles, and approved respirators if dust or vapor levels could rise
Ventilation: Local exhaust fans in workspaces lower exposure risk.
Hygiene: Change out of contaminated clothing before leaving a work area.
Form: Solid
Color: White
Odor: Strong, similar to mothballs
Melting Point: 53°C
Boiling Point: 174°C
Vapor Pressure: Moderate at room temperature
Solubility: Practically insoluble in water, dissolves well in solvents like alcohol and ether
Stability: Stable under normal use and storage conditions
Potential Reactions: May react with strong oxidizers, producing hazardous products
Decomposition: Decomposes at high heat or burning, emits hydrogen chloride and possibly phosgene.
Routes of Exposure: Inhalation, skin contact, ingestion
Symptoms: Longer-term exposure links to liver and kidney damage. Possible risk of cancer in individuals exposed frequently over years.
Animal Data: Repeated high exposures cause liver changes and weight loss in lab animals.
Human Data: Reports of dizziness, nausea, or allergic skin reactions in exposed workers.
Environmental Fate: Lingers in soil and water, breaks down very slowly
Impact: High toxicity to aquatic creatures such as fish or invertebrates
Bioaccumulation: Builds up in organisms and passes up the food chain
Safe Disposal: Gather solid waste and dispose of in line with local hazardous waste rules
Advice: Never pour down drains or mix with household trash
Special Handling: Specialized incinerators best handle this kind of chemical
Classification: Regarded as a hazardous material by road, rail, and shipping regulations
Packing: Must use clearly labeled, tightly sealed containers, keeping product dry and upright
Precautions: Prevent shifting and damage during transportation
Worker Safety: Listed under OSHA, included in the U.S. Clean Air Act for air emissions control
Consumer Limits: Subject to restrictions in air freshening products in some countries, as well as labeling requirements
Environmental Laws: Controlled under water and waste management rules to limit pollution
